Large Amounts of Glutamine as the Cause of Disease Essay -- Biology Al

Neurodegenerative clutters, for example, Alzheimer's ailment and Parkinson's illness are brought about by the collection of anomalous proteins in neurons. A fundamental segment of cell work is the right osmosis of proteins in the cell. Proteins overlay into explicit structures and afterward complete cell capacities. In any case, when this collapsing procedure runs amuck, unusual proteins are brought into the cell. In neurodegenerative illnesses, these protein totals are portrayed by having qualities which contain such a large number of CAG trinucleotides rehashes that encode for polyglutamine (polyQ). Having an excessive amount of polyQ prompts the quality items being changed over to a proteotoxic state. All things considered, interruptions in protein collapsing lead to an excess of CAG rehashes which brings about an overproduction of polyQ which raises the harmfulness of the phone to levels that impact the phone's capacities. Through experimentation, this paper endeavored to discover the limit for the quantity of CAG rehashes that decides if cell capacity will be disturbed by the protein totals. Atomic hereditary investigations have just settled than ordinary chromosomes (and qualities) contain less than 30-34 CAG rehashes. This paper endeavored to demonstrate that 35-40 CAG rehashes brings about cell harmfulness levels that seriously disturb cell work. To address the association between the CAG limit (therefore, the polyQ conglomeration) and cell poisonousness, a types of worm, Caenorhabditis elegans, was utilized during experimentation. (C. elegans are acceptable model living beings to examine human neurodegenerative infection not just in light of the fact that C. elegans' neurons take after vertebrate neurons at cell and atomic levels, yet additionally on the grounds that numerous qualities are moderated among worms and h... ... collection causes cell poisonousness, or if the totals are a favorable result of some other, yet obscure procedure that causes the adverse impacts. On the off chance that future examination uncovers that glutamine totals advance cell poisonousness, we can guide research on the most proficient method to repress these accumulations to back off or conceivably turn around the course of the ailment. 2.) How maturing in the contaminated living being impacts the movement of Huntington's illness: Investigations with C. elegans communicating the age-1 hereditary change had an all-encompassing the life expectancy, yet in addition had a deferred beginning of Huntington's illness. This recommends a substance delivered as a living being ages can catalyzes the poisonousness of Huntington's malady. In view of this, further examination could chase for what this maturing related impetus is. Hindering this substance may back off or end the movement of the malady.

Capital Punishment Biblical Essay Example For Students

The death penalty: Biblical Essay Is Capital Punishment Biblical?Capital discipline has consistently been a doubtful issue and in light of current circumstances. The Old Testament plainly requires capital punishment on numerous occasions,whereas; a significant number of the lessons of Jesus and others in the New confirmation readilydenounce it. In this manner, the two backers ands rivals of capital punishmenthave Biblical references to help their convictions. Adversaries utilize the creation story to show that all are made in Godsimage. Beginning 1:27a states that God made man in his image.1 God, thus,has the ability to give and remove life as he picks. All men are to preservelife as well as could be expected. M. Margaret Falls says that we can't treatpeople as unimportant instruments to individual endurance, achievement or fulfillment.2Advocates will likewise use Genesis 1:27 to demonstrate that since man iscreated in Gods picture, man must protect however many lives as would be prudent, Therefore,the passing of one, who has killed many, will save the futile and countlessdeaths of others. Divine beings order to protect life appears to be substantially more significant herethan the conservation of crooks. The death penalty is never utilized authentically in the New Testament. Jesus consistent proclaiming of adoration and absolution shows his disdain for theharming of others. One case of adoration is found in John 15:17 This is mycommand: Love one another. A case of absolution is Matthew 6:14 For ifyou pardon men when they sin against you, your superb Father will alsoforgive you. Jesus tried to do he said others should do by not censuring blameworthy people. InJohn 8:1-11, Jesus didn't let the individuals stone a lady that is gotten inadultery. Jesus is known for giving individuals renewed opportunities. Rivals of thedeath punishment believe that everybody ought to gain from Jesus and give others asecond possibility, on the grounds that the execution of a criminal can't be legitimized by thegood which their demise may accomplish for the remainder of society. As expressed previously, the death penalty was directed by God of the peoplein the Old Testament. Mass migration 21:14 states that if a man plans and killsanother man intentionally, remove him from my special stepped area and put him to death. Levitical 24:17 and 24b basically express something very similar such that whoever slaughters a man must be killed. Furthermore, in conclusion, Exodus 21:23 commandsthat if there is a genuine physical issue, you are to take life forever. Beginning 9:5b-6 is the most straightforward proclamation commanding society to punishtheir individual creatures for murder3: And from each man, as well, I will request anaccounting for the life of his individual man. Whoever sheds the blood of man, byman will his blood be shed for in the picture of God has God made man. Backers stress that these sections are not a proposal, however rather a commandthat isn't to be addressed God requests, therfore, one ought to comply. Themurderer must languish over his activities since murder is precluding the picture from securing Godin the hurt person. To kill a man is comparable to killing God sinceman is made by him and in his picture. The killer, in this manner, did brutality to Godhimself. Jesus, it could be said, revises the Old Testament by his exercise discovered inMatthew 5:38-44:You have heard that it was stated, 'Eye for eye,and tooth for tooth. In any case, I let you know, Do not avoid anEvil individual. In the event that somebody strikes you on the privilege cheek,turn him the other too. What's more, on the off chance that somebody needs to sueyou and take you tunic, let him have you shroud too. .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 , .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .postImageUrl , .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 , .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:hover , .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:visited , .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:active { border:0!important; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 { show: square; change: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-progress: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:active , .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:hover { mistiness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relativ e; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-design: underline; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; textual style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-outskirt sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-adornment: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-stature: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/basic arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a728 3c2f1 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u3bc6d01d7e1ddd221d0b5a2a7283c2f1:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Sustainability EssayIf somebody compels you to go one mile, go with him twomiles. Provide for the person who asks you, and don't turnaway from the person who needs to acquire from you.You have heard that it was stated, 'Love yourneighbor and loathe your foe. In any case, I let you know: Loveyour adversaries and petition God for the individuals who mistreat you.These are orders, gone ahead by Jesus, to be taken actually and complied. Once more, M. Margaret Falls contends against the death penalty. Shebelieves that man must an incentive in every individual his particularly human capacityfor moral understanding the capacity to survey circumstances soundly, to makejudgments. She imagines that by detaching the criminal from the community,society clarifies that the people conduct won't go on without serious consequences andinsists that the transgressor survey his activity. Discipline of this kinddemonstrates a regard for the individual.4Incarceration and rehabilitationare additionally two

Right to Work Laws free essay sample

Should our state receive an option to-work law? This is an intriguing issue that keeps on being challenged everywhere throughout the United States. The reason for this paper is to inspect whether the option to-work law is useful for the territory of Michigan. If at any point went in Michigan, the option to-work law would ensure that no individual could be constrained, as a state of business, to join or to take care of obligations to a worker's organization. Supporters of option to-work laws point to inquire about that express that option to-work laws positively affect expresses that receive them while rivals of option to-work laws do the polar opposite. On February 1, 2012, the province of Indiana became America’s 23rd option to-work state. Supporters of the option to-work laws state that â€Å"Michigan may need to receive such a law to all the more likely vie for employments and talent† (Lafaive, 2012). Further supporting this issue Thomas Holmes created an investigation that â€Å"examined fabricating work in fringe areas of neighboring states where one state had option to-work securities and the other didn't. We will compose a custom paper test on Option to Work Laws or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page He discovered assembling work as a level of province populace expanded by 33% in the districts inside the option to-work states contrasted with those in the non-option to-work states. In a recent report by financial expert Richard Vedder, a subordinate researcher with the Mackinac Center, found that â€Å"40 percent of Americans lived in option to-work states in 2007, up from 28. 5 percent in 1970. Also, Census information demonstrates that from April 2000 to July 2008, more than 4. 7 million individuals moved from non-option to-work states to one side to-work state† (Lafaive, 2012). These are just a couple of instances of outer components and discoveries that impact and effect the work powers and worker's guilds. While I have clarified the thoughts behind the supporters of these laws, there are likewise rivals. In a later 2012 examination from Michael Hicks, an extra researcher with the Mackinac Center, â€Å"found that from 1929 through 2005, the nearness of an option to-work law didn't assume a job in state mechanical creation or salary from manufacturing† (Lafaive, 2012). Adversaries of option to-work laws fight the laws set up lead to bring down wages, hurt associations, lower expectation for everyday life, and some of the time challenge that they are ethically off-base for permitting individuals to get association portrayal without really paying for it. Douglas McCabe, an educator of the board at Georgetown’s McDonough School of Business states, â€Å"If more states pass option to-work, associations will lose individuals. He goes on to stating that it would debilitate individuals from marking approval cards to have the option to hold a decision on unionizing† (Olson, 2012). End: â€Å"Each side of the option to-work contention refers to studies to back their perspectives, yet a uniform monetary society is elusive in light of the fact that individual states have their own, extraordinary financial conditions, for example, accessibility of talented laborers and access to business sectors and infrastructure† (Olson, 2012).

Lucent Technologies essays

Lucent Technologies articles Parting with correspondence goliath AT Lucent has seen its previous authoritative format lead down a way of miscommunication and loss of benefits. With these issues gazing them in the face, Lucent had no real option except to totally redo its corporate design. It ended up utilizing littler center gatherings to discover issues or new thoughts underway. Directors currently are compelled to have another attitude toward numerous past marks of shame, for example, top-level organization. This association has concluded that with declining benefits and piece of the pie, it needs to turn out to be more representative and purchaser centered. New administrators were acquired to supplant its level structure with an all the more vertically engaged association. An association that wasnt hesitant to tune in to new thoughts and even actualize them into their creation forms. The general system to these progressions was to improve deals and reduced expenses. Jeong Kim was chosen as the new head of optical systems to improve execution. Conveyance time was to be improved by 30% inside Kims 100-day plan. Despite the fact that Lucent has chosen to concentrate more on worker needs, 5000 additional individuals will be laid off so as to additionally bring down working costs. We as a gathering accept that while Lucent targets making spans among the board and its wor ... <!

Quality Management Plan Executive Summary Essay

Quality Management Plan Executive Summary - Essay Example Quality check is going occur from various viewpoints. For example there will be an alternate quality confirmation agenda for the venture the executives all in all. For example, an agenda incorporates among different diminishes the capacity of the undertaking group to adhere to quality measures, work inside time allotment, spending inside given financial plan and capacity to utilize required assets. There is likewise going to be a quality confirmation agenda for the motor to be fabricated. This will incorporate the compartments of the motor, working of the motor, solidness of the motor and cost of creation. As expressed in the definition, the task scope ranges on the creation of a motor with an additional valve. The undertaking will be constrained to the headway of motors that are as of now in the market and that have just been created by the organization. This implies the new compartment is going to come in just as an improved component and not the development of another arrangement of motor. The venture is additionally restricted to the creation of motor for use in littler vehicles and not uncompromising vehicles. Toward the finish of the task, there will be both another undertaking type and a help type. This requires the drafting of both an item depiction and a help portrayal. Having jabbered about the item as a motor with another worth compartment to deal with more weight, the consideration will presently go to support depiction. It is normal that the administration that the item will deliver will be one that can decided as excellent motor support of item clients. This ought to be a component that ought to guarantee more separation, less fix, solidness, protection from climate, hostile to burglary highlights and easy to understand highlights. Having expressed the administration that the item is required to serve, obviously the standard of the task is one that is relied upon to be high. It is consequently that there will be unique quality confirmation framewo rks to screen the quality and standard of the item at various occasions of its creation. As a feature of the guidelines that manage the development of the venture, there will be quality appraisal at each phase of the framework usage. This will guarantee that all imperfections and sub-norms will be distinguished as right on time as could be expected under the circumstances and flashed out. At last, the venture procedure yields will be comprised of two significant parts, which are venture result and undertaking sway. The result alludes to the final result, which will be a multi-utilitarian motor that is based on the guideline of additional force. The effect alludes to the points of interest that the undertaking will make for clients. Outstanding among these is the way that clients won't have to supplant motors as fast as could reasonably be expected. This implies there will be money related advantage for clients. Because of ecological contemplations made in the development additionall y, nature will be saved of all types of contamination that are generally brought about by awful motors. REFERENCE LIST Luther T. A (2009). Financial Mastery in the midst of Global Crisis. Sight and sound Press Limited: Chicago Project Management Documents (2012) Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) Template. Gotten to April 11, 2012 from http://www.projectmanagementdocs.com/layouts/work-breakdown-structure-wbs.html Tomhill R. (2008). Development for new Economic Dispensation. Extreme Press Limited:

Common Examples of Uncountable Sets

Basic Examples of Uncountable Sets Not every single endless set are the equivalent. One approach to recognize these sets is by inquiring as to whether the set is countably unending or not. Thusly, we state that unbounded sets are either countable or uncountable. We will think about a few instances of unending sets and figure out which of these are uncountable.​ Countably Infinite We start by precluding a few instances of unending sets. A large number of the limitless sets that we would quickly consider are seen as countably unbounded. This implies they can be placed into a balanced correspondence with the characteristic numbers. The normal numbers, whole numbers, and levelheaded numbers are for the most part countably vast. Any association or crossing point of countably unbounded sets is likewise countable. The Cartesian result of any number of countable sets is countable. Any subset of a countable set is likewise countable. Uncountable The most well-known way that uncountable sets are presented is in thinking about the interim (0, 1) of genuine numbers. From this reality, and the balanced capacity f( x ) bx a. it is a direct result to show that any interim (a, b) of genuine numbers is uncountably unending. The whole arrangement of genuine numbers is additionally uncountable. One approach to show this is to utilize the coordinated digression work f ( x ) tan x. The area of this capacity is the interim (- π/2, π/2), an uncountable set, and the range is the arrangement of every genuine number. Other Uncountable Sets The activities of fundamental set hypothesis can be utilized to create more instances of uncountably interminable sets: On the off chance that A will be a subset of B and An is uncountable, at that point so is B. This gives a progressively clear evidence that the whole arrangement of genuine numbers is uncountable.If An is uncountable and B is any set, at that point the association A U B is likewise uncountable.If An is uncountable and B is any set, at that point the Cartesian item A x B is additionally uncountable.If An is limitless (even countably unbounded) at that point the force set of An is uncountable. Two different models, which are identified with each other are to some degree amazing. Only one out of every odd subset of the genuine numbers is uncountably unbounded (without a doubt, the judicious numbers structure a countable subset of the reals that is additionally thick). Certain subsets are uncountably vast. One of these uncountably interminable subsets includes particular kinds of decimal extensions. On the off chance that we pick two numerals and structure each conceivable decimal development with just these two digits, at that point the subsequent unending set is uncountable. Another set is increasingly confused to develop and is additionally uncountable. Start with the shut interim [0,1]. Evacuate the center third of this set, coming about in [0, 1/3] U [2/3, 1]. Presently evacuate the center third of every one of the rest of the bits of the set. So (1/9, 2/9) and (7/9, 8/9) is expelled. We proceed in this style. The arrangement of focuses that stay after these interims are evacuated isn't an interim, in any case, it is uncountably unbounded. This set is known as the Cantor Set. There are endlessly numerous uncountable sets, however the above models are probably the most usually experienced sets.

Utilitarianism Essay - 275 Words

Utilitarianism (Essay Sample) Content: Utilitarianism has become a popular ethical theory in Western civilization since its advent by the English philosophers and social reformers, Jeremy Bentham and John Stewart Mill. The major tenets of this theory are: (i) maximizing the overall good which is the fundamental concept (ii) bringing scientific certainty to ethics, which is the dream of utilitarianism (iii) and the morally demanding character of utilitarianism. In making moral determinations, this theory can be applied in business today by business leaders who must all act in socially, ethically and lawfully responsible manner. Therefore, business leaders while targeting profits should obey the law and treat all stakeholders with dignity and respect and prudently be socially responsible through community social responsibilities. This will require business executives to be aware of various stakeholders` interest as well as striking to balance these constituencies which are sometimes conflicting in a fair and effective manner. Albeit challenging, the result will be establishment of long-term and sustainable value for employees, customers and all stakeholders of the organization and the entire society. In so doing, the morally demanding character of utilitarianism is achieved. In the U.S, the fourth branch of government refers to a group that influences the three branches of government as outlined in the constitution of America. They include legislature, executive and judiciary. Such groups include citizens, the press and interest groups. Smith and Licari (2006) outline that, while the U.S administrative agencies are in fact part of the executive branch and in a few cases the legislative branch of government, they are today called the fourth branch of government. This is because they classically exercise all the constitutionally divided powers of the three arms of government within a single bureaucratic body: that is, they legislate, a power entrusted to the legislature by the constituti on. Through delegated rulemaking authority, they investigate, execute and enforce such rules via the executive power which these agencies are typically organized under. In doing so, they apply, interpret and enforce compliance with such rules. Business executives and managers should be concerned with agency rules and regulations because every market and economy, even the laissez-faire capitalism, is governed by laws and regulations and well set terms of engagement and operation. A breach of any of these laws has heavy legal and financial implications both to the executives and is quite destructive to the business itself which in most cases can lead to bankruptcy and executives behind bars.The elements of the old common law tort of negligence include (i) the existence of a duty of care between the defendant and the plaintiff, (ii) a breach of that duty by the defendant (iii) injury or loss suffered by the plaintiff as a direct result of the defendant`s breach. Tort of negligence wou ld be applied in modern-day business context. A manufacturing company is solely responsible for any harm caused to consumers as a res...

Online AP Courses What You Need to Know

HomePlanAcademicsOnline AP CoursesThis page may contain affiliate links.Dec 5, 2019 Youve weighed the pros and cons of the AP program, and you would like to have your student try out a class or two. What if your students school doesnt offer the program? Or, maybe your student is homeschooled and would benefit from the challenge and college credit that can come from preparing for an AP exam? Or, perhaps your student would like to try an AP exam in a class that isn’t offered at their school? Regardless of your situation, your student can still get in on the benefits of taking an AP class and the particular AP class does not have to be offered at your students school. They will just need to register for the exam, and then find approved online AP courses to help them prepare. Here’s what you need to know. Are Online AP Classes Worth the Effort? The answer is that not all online AP course are created equal. There are thousands of online courses that claim to prepare your student for a specific AP exam. However, not all classes live up to these claims. The good news is that there is a way to find out before you spend the money. You can look for specific criteria to help you distinguish the good from the bad. The other thing to keep in mind is that online AP classes will take more focus and discipline from your student than an in-school class. There is no one to force them to sit and listen for a specific period of time, manage their distraction, and keep them engaged. Most online classes are self-paced, which can be great for motivated students but a real drawback for those who tend to procrastinate. What to Look For in Online AP Classes There is a variety of things to look for when you compare various online AP courses. #1 Is the online class accredited? Accreditation is vital. If the class is not approved by the College Board in your state, then you have no guarantee that it will cover the material your student needs to pass the exam. Here are some AP accredited online organizations to check out: UC Systems Scout Program Florida Virtual School Johns Hopkins CTY ChemAdvantage PA Homeschoolers AP Courses #2 Is the teaching style engaging? Teaching style is the next thing to consider. Is the material presented in a way that is engaging, interesting, and clear? Does it fit your student’s specific learning needs? There are a variety of learning styles, and no one is better than another. However, having the material match the style of your student will help them succeed. #3 Are teachers accessible and do they give good feedback? Teachers should be accessible. Your student should be able to get timely, useful feedback on their assignments and papers. Sitting for the exam when your child still hasn’t heard back on work they submitted will not give them a lot of confidence. #4 Is the workload bearable? The workload should make sense for an AP exam. Make sure your student understands how many hours per week is expected for the class. You may want to help them make a schedule so they aren’t cramming every Friday to catch up. #5 Is the online interface easy to use? The interface and tech support should both be easy to understand and accessible. The class interface online should be intuitive, and there should be someone to ask questions of if something goes wrong. #6 How well do students of the online class do on the AP exam? Graduates should do well on the AP exam. Before you choose a course for your student, find out how graduates have done on the AP exam. If graduates have done well, that’s a good sign. Finally, reviews should be a major factor in your decision. Look beyond the courses website for testimonials and experiences from other families. You can often Google the name of the course with â€Å"reviews† to find information Pros and Cons of Online AP Classes Don’t assume that you’ll have to shell out major cash for AP classes online. Your student might just be able to find free and reduced-fee classes online. In fact, many state-related providers offer a lower fee to in-state students. You may be able to find free AP classes online if you look at virtual high school providers. You’ll probably have to prove that you live in the appropriate state, community, or school district before your student can sign up. It may be worthwhile to take highly-rated courses rather than classes that are local to your state, however you may find yourself paying quite a bit for these classes. If your student is able to learn well on their own through reading however, you may want to let them self-study through AP preparation books. This can save you a lot compared to structured online courses, but there won’t be interaction or anyone to ask questions of. This can be a major drawback for many students. There may be some additional drawbacks to taking AP classes online for certain students and many of them have to do with the absence of the type of interaction one would get in a classroom environment. If your student is not a self-motivated student, he/she may have a difficult time getting work done without supervision. If your student has a difficult time handling classes that are primarily text-based, then studying online may not be an optimal situation. Another issue is whether or not your student has access to a computer that meets the technical requirements of the class. Prepare Your Student for AP and College Wisely Before your student commits to an online AP class and AP exam, make sure that the colleges they’re targeting reward AP scores with credit. You also want to target schools where your student’s AP classes will help them stand out. There are a variety of schools that are very generous with merit aid. .Want to know more? Check out our College Free Money Findertoday! By entering a student’s academic information, state of residency, location preference, along with interests in the arts, sports, STEM, and nursing, families will receive a list of colleges in order of merit or need based generosity If your student is not quite sure whether online AP courses are for them, check out how APs compare to dual enrollment classes to see which are right for your student. Once your student has selected the AP course they are interested in, they may need help registering for the AP exam.

Essay on Sonnys Blues Character Analysis - 843 Words

A Changing Character In the short story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin a schoolteacher from the city of Harlem struggles with life and figuring out how to helped his troubled brother. All though named Sonny’s Blues the main character is actually Sonny’s brother who is the narrator and goes through his life and how he reacts to the many problems his younger brother has come into. The brothers grew up in the poverty stricken city of Harlem where the brothers had to avoid drugs and violence constantly. Growing up, Sonny struggled to stay out of trouble and ended up making some bad decisions throughout his life and ends up landing him in jail and addicted to heroin. The un-named brother of Sonny who is the narrator of the story begins to†¦show more content†¦Eventually the narrator and invites him to live his family once he is released from prison and Sonny reluctantly agrees to live there until he finishes college. This is a big turning point in the narratorâ€⠄¢s character because he had finally began to wonder â€Å" about the life that Sonny had lived† (Baldwin 243) and started making his efforts to take care of his little brother like he once promised his mother. When Sonny moves in with the family, he is given the expectation to finish college and stay out of trouble. Sonny has other ideas though and skips his classes to go to the local jazz club and play music. When the narrator first learns of Sonny’s antics he is very disappointed and is frustrated that Sonny continues to pursue a musical career. He believes it is part of the reason that Sonny has had so much trouble in the past and doesn’t believe it is a positive thing for his brother. Sonny is immediately kicked out and the two go for another extended period of time until talking again. Eventually the narrator has another change of heart and invites his brother to live with him again and Sonny agrees. The two struggle to communicate so one day Sonny invites the narrator to come watch him play at the jazz club and it is then that the narrator truly understands his younger brother. He is watching Sonny play with a group of musicians when he sees â€Å"Sonny’s face i s trouble† (Baldwin 254) with the difficulty inShow MoreRelatedJames Baldwins Sonnys Blues859 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿An Analysis of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues In James Baldwin s short story Sonny s Blues a young man questions his brotherly obligations after finding that his younger brother has been arrested for using drugs. In the attempt to rectify his younger brother s behavior and life, the young man faces his own feelings for his brother and comes to terms with the life his brother Sonny lives. The developments of certain elements-plot, character, point of view, setting, symbolism-in the storyRead MoreAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 916 Words   |  4 PagesJames Baldwin’s story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† tells the tale of two African-American brothers trying to survive in 1950s America. Both struggle with darkness in their lives, from drugs to bottling up emotions. The following sources were found Literature Research Center’s website. Each of the four sources will be evaluated for the quality of their information, as well as their usefulness on the topic of darkness in â€Å" â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. Flibbert, Joseph. Sonny s Blues: Overview. Reference Guide to ShortRead MoreAnalysis of Sonnys Blues by James Baldwin Essay804 Words   |  4 PagesMollie Colon Comp 111 B04 Mrs. Canella In Class Essay 1 â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by author James Baldwin tells the tale of two brothers; one good and one evil. The narrator paints the two brothers as â€Å"light† and â€Å"dark†. The author James Baldwin writes about his relationship with his brother Sonny whom was the â€Å"dark† brother. In essence, this story is about the struggle of two black brothers growing up in Harlem. This essay incorporates the struggles that Black men and women go through on a daily basisRead MoreLiterary Analysis of â€Å"Sweat† and â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†1549 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary Analysis of â€Å"Sweat† and â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† Amelia Williams ENG125: Introduction to Literature Instructor: Deborah Zeringue December 22, 2014 As living and breathing human beings people are bound to experience some type of conflict. Conflict can be present within a person, between two people, between a person and forces of nature, and even between a person and their society. Conflict is defined as the struggle that shapes the plot in a story (Clugston, 2014, ch.4sect.1 para.4). When readingRead MoreJames Baldwin s Reality Through Sonny1253 Words   |  6 Pages James Baldwin’s Reality through Sonny Sonny’s Blues digs deeply into the â€Å"Negro American† during Civil Rights and Jim Crow Era’s. Set in Harlem, New York in the 1950’s. James Baldwin’s stories give insight based on events of his culture and this becomes apparent through the analysis of the characters in Sonny’s Blues. James Baldwin uses his talents to paint a vivid picture of African American life through a fictional story of two brothers who choseRead MoreSetting Analysis : Sonny s Blues 921 Words   |  4 PagesSetting Analysis of the Nightclub in â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† â€Å"Sonny’s Blues,† which is an outstanding short story by James Baldwin, describes many obstacles in lifestyles and relationships of African-Americans in the influential time of post Harlem Renaissance and discrimination in the 1950s. In the end of the story, the nightclub setting is the most important and emotional turning point of the brotherhood between narrator and his young brother, Sonny. After many conflicts and arguments about their differentRead More Mending the Relationship of Two Brothers in James Baldwins Sonnys Blues1292 Words   |  6 PagesMending the Relationship of Two Brothers in James Baldwins Sonnys Blues According to Liukkonen, James Baldwin is well known for his novels on sexual and personal identity, and sharp essays on civil-rights struggle in the United States. Sonnys Blues is no exception to this. The story takes place in Harlem, New York in the 1950s and tells of the relationship between two brothers. The older brother, who is the narrator and a participant in the novel, remains unnamed throughout the storyRead More##ing Suffering Through Music : An Analysis Of Sonnys Blues By James Baldwin1167 Words   |  5 PagesJameka Gaston Dr. Basaninyenzi English 102 11/29/17 Expressing Suffering through Music: An Analysis of â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† Written in 1957 by James Baldwin, â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† is a short story where music plays a dominant role in defining characters, specifically Sonny. The story has three main topics of discussion, family struggles, drug addiction and most importantly music. In the beginning Sonny’s older brother, a high school algebra teacher. He reads about him being arrested for selling heroin.Read MoreShort Fiction Stories: Sonnys Blues Essay748 Words   |  3 Pages This is my first time to read â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. I think the reason for this short fiction wrote successful is great in portray the character and story details. The author James Baldwin use great literary elements to depict the story’s develop. I want to analysis the title, plot and flashback use in this short fiction. The first thing we will do to read an article usually read the title. Also, the title may become the reason for us to start read an article. Like me, sometimesRead More Analysis of a Sixty Second Sequence of I Robot Essay1530 Words   |  7 PagesAnalysis of a Sixty Second Sequence of I Robot Throughout this essay I will be analysing a sixty second sequence of the film I-Robot. Directed by Alex Proyas, the film was released in 2004 and was a hit at the box office. The film is an action-thriller inspired by Isaac Asimov’s classic short story collection. Asimov’s books set forth the three laws of robotics. Law 1. A Robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. Law 2. A Robot must obey orders

Parents Influence and Role in Teenagers Prevalence to...

Parent’s Influence and Role in Teenagers Prevalence to Underage Drinking and Alcoholism Alcohol (beverages): beverages which contain ethanol substance, this substance cause a person become drunk (e.g. beer, whiskey). (W. Merriam Corporation, 2011) Definition of alcoholism †¢ According to mayo clinic, alcoholism is an inability to control the desire to consume alcoholic beverages. The desire will always lead to serious condition, because the person who drinks alcohol does not know if he/she drinks too much. (Mayoclinic, 2012) †¢ Additionally, Alcoholic Anonymous UK states that alcoholism is a combination of physical impulse and a mental obsession which lead to enormous craving for alcoholic beverages. Alcoholic is a person who consume†¦show more content†¦This phase begins with awareness and ends with being a normal family despite the alcoholic still drink. o Alternative phase: this phase will begin when the family consider separation as a viable solution for their problems, but in this phase it should be noted that an alcoholic family could be reorganized and reintergrated even after they were separated. This phase is usually happens after phase 1 (reactive), alternative phase will revolve in (polarization, separation, and family reorganization). o Family unity phase: family unity phase will have 2 alternatives (â€Å"dry drunk† or family growth), although they will experience a period of â€Å"sobriety† (which is the time when an alcoholic stops drinking), sobriety does not assure that the family problems has been solved, as there are many trouble entailing alcoholism, the situation of a former drunk family might be the same as before. While quite rare, t here is a possibility leading to family growth (if the family decide to leave the past and could overcome the past negativities and improve themselves). (Ackerman, 1983) Role of Parents in minimizing underage drinking: †¢ National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism suggest that the role of parents in preventing adolescent alcohol misuse by: o Serves asShow MoreRelatedTeenage Binge Drinking and its Consequences1294 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage drinking is among the issues that have received respectable attention from researchers owing to its increase. In the United States as well as other countries, underage drinking has become a prevalent issue with often far-reaching consequences. Teenagers, who engage in binge drinking, are likely to be exposed to other dangers, such as psychological issues, drinking-related accidents, and violent crimes. The increased prevalence of this problem makes it imperative to understand contributingRead MoreYouth Addiction Alcohol : Causes And Concerns1544 Words   |  7 PagesConcerns Instruction In today’s society, alcohol use and heavy drinking is very common among young adults and adolescence. Since the end of the 20th century, more and more of the younger populations have started participating in alcohol consumption. Unlike in the early 1900’s when alcohol was heavily regulated – alcohol was even banned in the United States from 1919 – 1933 due to prohibition – it is now normal for anyone above the legal drinking age to walk into a liquor store and buy as much alcohol asRead MoreThe Effects Of Television On Children s Decision Of Underage Drinking Essay2291 Words   |  10 Pagesthe young and make them believe that drinking can really bring all the pleasures portrayed in the advertisements, like the beach parties, celebrations, and fun at sporting events Alcohol, that may be consumed, has been a very important aspect of the world. Many people enjoy being able to have the feeling you receive when they do drink any form of alcohol. Alcoho l advertising influences not only adults but teens and children who are too young to purchase it. Parents have a large impact on children sRead More The Impact of Lowering the Drinking Age on State University Essay4145 Words   |  17 Pages The legal drinking age in the United States will always be a point of contention. No one can settle upon a drinking age that everyone is in agreement with; should it be 18 or 21? Ages 18 and 21 are the most popular options, yet neither one has 100% of the vote. With the current legal drinking age in America standing at 21, meaning that people under the age of 21 cannot purchase or consume alcoholic food or beverages, there is the question of whether or not to lower it to 18 or 19 years oldRead MoreBinge Drinking Is A Large Social Issue1879 Words   |  8 Pagespeople drank excessive amounts of alcohol at least once a month (NHMRC, 2015) . Binge drinking can be defined as ‘the consumption of an excessive amount of alcohol in a shor t period of time.’ Binge drinking is a large social issue (GreenFacts, 2016) that affects not only the individual but the community and can have negative effects on mental health, physical health, emotional health and social health. Binge drinking increases the risk of many health issues such as: road accidents, domestic abuse, crimeRead More Drug Abuse Among American Teenagers Essay7972 Words   |  32 PagesDrug Abuse Among American Teenagers Drug abuse in America is a major problem. Especially among teenagers. Drugs have hurt the lives of nearly 40 percent of all teenagers in America. Either with health problems, DWIs, highway crashes, arrests, impaired school and job performance. These drugs that teenagers use range from Alcohol, LSD, Marijuana, and even Cigarettes. Most of the teenagers that are involved in drug abuse have either, broken families, parents that are drug abusers, a unstable environmentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesComprehensive Cases Indexes Glindex 637 663 616 623 Contents Preface xxii 1 1 Introduction What Is Organizational Behavior? 3 The Importance of Interpersonal Skills 4 What Managers Do 5 Management Functions 6 †¢ Management Roles 6 †¢ Management Skills 8 †¢ Effective versus Successful Managerial Activities 8 †¢ A Review of the Manager’s Job 9 Enter Organizational Behavior 10 Complementing Intuition with Systematic Study 11 Disciplines That Contribute to the OB Field 13 Psychology

Three Study Boxes Written Corrective Feedback - 1252 Words

Study Box 1 Background This study investigated how both teachers and ESL students perceive written corrective feedback (WCF), focusing on their perception about the usefulness of different types and amount of WCF as well as their reasons for having such perceptions. Research questions 1. What amount of WCF do ESL students and teachers think is most useful, and why? 2. What types of WCF do students and teachers think are most useful, and why? 3. What types of errors do students and teachers think should be corrected, and why? 4. Are there differences between students’ and teachers’ preferences and reasons regarding the usefulness of different amounts of WCF, types of WCF, and types of errors to be corrected? Participants 33 adult upper†¦show more content†¦2. What are the misfits between EFL teachers perceptions of written feedback and their real practices in the classroom? Participants Fifteen teachers and 45 EFL students coming from beginning to advanced level. Method and/or instruments The data were obtained by using questionnaires for both the teachers and learners. For the learners, the questionnaires were written in their L1 (Persian) to avoid potential difficulties in comprehending the questions. The teachers were also given an error correction task using the advanced students’ actual writing and an interview followed afterwards. Statistical tools Reliability analysis with Cronbachs Alpha. Results It was found that there were four areas where the learners’ and the teachers’ perception differ: (1) teachers manners of marking, where most of the teachers believed they comprehensively corrected students’ errors, but the learners’ believed that they were always given selective corrections; (2) the use of error codes, where most of the teachers did not perceived using error codes useful and therefore avoided using them, while the majority of the students felt that they needed such codings and thought they would benefit from them; (3) awareness of error selection principle, where most of the teachers agreed that their students were aware about their error selection principle, but, again, most of the students did not think so; (4) effectiveness of teachers’ error feedback practices, where the majorityShow MoreRelatedThe Lack Of Fluency Within Their Reading Programs2148 Words   |  9 Pagesbeing read. 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An examination of the human factors community, Work Study, Vol. 52 Iss: 3 pp. 123 - 128 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00438020310471917 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY OF GAZA For Authors: If you would like to write for this, or any other EmeraldRead MoreProject Management: Construction of an Ultra Modern Hospital17353 Words   |  70 PagesMANAGEMENT APPROACH 41 MEASURING PROJECT COSTS 42 REPORTING FORMAT 43 COST VARIANCE RESPONSE PROCESS 43 COST CHANGE CONTROL PROCESS 43 PROJECT BUDGET 43 SPONSOR ACCEPTANCE 45 6.0 QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROCESS PLAN 46 (University for Development Studies Modern Hospital) 46 Date 46 Name 46 Title 46 Signature 46 Management 47 Quality Policy 47 Format 47 Project Quality Organization 50 QO Key Positions 51 Roles and Responsibilities 53 Executive Committee 53 Project Manager 53 ConstructionRead MoreProject Report On Online Job Portal Essay6551 Words   |  27 Pageswork presented in this Project entitled â€Å"Online Job Portal† for the award of Bachelor of Technology in Computer Science from Amity school of engineering and technology, Noida under my supervision. The Project embodies result of original work and studies carried out by Student himself and the contents of the Project do not form the basis for the award of any other degree to the candidate or to anybody else. Ms.Shanu Sharma Project Guide ABSTRACT The project would help us in effective andRead MoreThesis on Recruitment and Selection Process15525 Words   |  63 Pages______________________________________ DEDICATION We are dedicating our work to our parents and respected teacher Mam Sofia Waleed, who have played a vital role in our studies and have guided us at every step with their precious ideas. No doubt this dedication is insufficient and we can never repay for the role which they have played in our studies but we are sure that their work will prove itself an asset in our life â€Æ' Acknowledgement I am very thankful to Mam Sofia which gave us valuable informationRead MoreVALUE AND RISK MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL FOR DYNAMIC BRIEF DEVELOPMENT IN CONSTRUCTION8325 Words   |  34 Pagesconstruction teams, the briefing process is a cornerstone for achieving client satisfaction. Hence, it has to be flexible, well organised, and responsive to the client requirements [4,5] . Formal observations, literature review, analysis of 36 case studies, documentary data and unstructured interviews with projects architects undertaken by the author showed that very few buildings are finished on time, or at the right cost and clients often blame the construction industry of providing productsRead MorePmp Exam Preparation Questions32679 Words   |  131 Pages$9,793. What is the actual cost of the project A $793 B ($8,793) C ($1,000) D $8,000 7   In general, the project manager communicates with the project team through: A Both formal and informal written communication B Formal written status reports C Both formal and informal written and verbal communication D Phone conversations and team meetings 8 Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is a: A Communication tool B Risk management tool C Quality management tool D Procurement tool Read MoreSdlc23489 Words   |  94 Pagesacceptable between phases. (ii) Emphasis is on planning, time schedules, target dates, budgets and implementation of an entire system at one time. (iii) Tight control is maintained over the life of the project through the use of extensive written documentation, as well as through formal reviews and approval/signoff by the user and information technology management occurring at the end of most phases before beginning the next phase.  © The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India Read MoreCollin Technologies Case Study Essay examples33525 Words   |  135 PagesTechnologies Case Study Baldrige Performance Excellence Program National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) †¢ United States Department of Commerce July 2013 To obtain Baldrige Program products and services, contact Baldrige Performance Excellence Program Administration Building, Room A600 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 1020 Gaithersburg, MD 20899-1020 Telephone: (301) 975-2036 Fax: (301) 948-3716 E-mail: baldrige@nist.gov Web: http://www.nist.gov/baldrige The Collin Technologies Case Study is a fictionalRead MoreCustomer Relations15546 Words   |  63 Pagesof business with us, even to the extent of single sourcing.    1.1.3 Customer relationship    For any business success there are three important agencies which include the following: †¢ Customer †¢ Investor/ shareholder †¢ Employees    An organization in order to become globally competitive, needs to provide benefits and enhance value to all the three parties referred above.    A relationship can not exist in isolation. It gets established due to mutual respect between supplier and

Chapter 12 Is That A Symbol - 1083 Words

Chapter 12: Is That A Symbol? Accepting the fact that something is a symbol is easy. However, finding out what it means or what it stands for. Symbols can interpret more than one thing, we can only discuss possible meanings and interpretations. Symbols are not only built on associations readers have, but also on emotional reactions which captures the reader emotionally. f it isn’t symbolism, its allegory, which stands for other things on a one-for-one basis that convey a certain message. The cave is a symbol of secrets and mysteries represents mainly by how the reader engages the story. Keys: We want symbols to mean something, something for all of us Allegory fails if there is obscurity between the i) emblem, ii) the figurative construct. iii) the thing it really represents The message is usually hidden, the reader must find it out by themselves Symbols do not work neatly Actions can be symbolic Chapter 13: It’s All Political If literature isn’t Shakespearean or biblical, it is political. Foster wrote this chapter to convey to the readers that almost every story is inspired by the political problems that is around the writer. For example, a very old, and popular story, â€Å"The Christmas Carol.† Foster claims that the tale was really an attack to a widely taken political belief at the time. There are two different types of political writing. One is â€Å"I hate â€Å"political† writing,† this is the type that Foster dislikes because of their â€Å"primary intents to influence theShow MoreRelatedSymbolism Of The Scarlet Letter By Nathanial Hawthorne881 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism is the use of symbols to express or represent ideas or qualities in literature. There are many symbols throughout Nathanial Hawthorne’s novel The Scarlet Letter. The characters and many different things throughout the book are all symbolic, but the main symbol in the novel is the letter â €Å"A† on Hester Prynne’s gown. Not only are there many symbols throughout the novel, but the letter â€Å"A† has many different representations of itself such as, adultery, which is the main symbol for the â€Å"A,† her abilityRead MoreDesign And Fpga Implementation Of Ofdm Synchronization1254 Words   |  6 PagesChapter 5 Design and FPGA Implementation of OFDM Synchronization The channel estimation technique proposed in Chapter 4 is based on the assumption that the coherent reception is perfect. That is, the system synchronization is perfectly implemented. Synchronization is one of the most challenging and important tasks to any receiver using coherent modulation, especially for OFDM systems which are highly sensitive to synchronization errors. This chapter proposes a synchronizer based upon the delayRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book The Of And It Gon Na Hurt You 1203 Words   |  5 PagesMrs. Jones English 101 28 August 2015 Chapter Analysis of How to Read Literature like a Professor (chapters 11-15, 18-27) Chapter 11 - ...More Than It’s Gonna Hurt You: Concerning Violence The main objective of this chapter is to describe violence and its purpose in a literary work. In this chapter, the author speaks of violence and the two kinds of violence which are the specific injury and the narrative violence. Violence can be described as symbolic, thematic, biblical, Shakespearean, romanticRead MoreEssay about How to Read Literature Like a Professor1562 Words   |  7 PagesHow to Read Literature Like a Professor by Thomas C. Foster Chapter Reflections Introduction: How’d He Do That? * How do memory, symbol, and pattern affect the reading of literature? How does the recognition of patterns make it easier to read complicated literature? Discuss a time when your appreciation of a literary work was enhanced by understanding symbol or pattern. * When reading literature: memory, symbol, and pattern help you understand the text better. If you don’t comprehendRead MoreNotes On Reading Literature Like A Professor Log1286 Words   |  6 PagesRead Literature Like a Professor Log Chapter 1: Every Trip is a Quest (Except When It’s Not) From this chapter, In learned that the truth behind all quests is to find self-knowledge. Most of the time, the people on the quest are young and inexperienced, but by the end of their adventure, they’ve found their niche, and completed their mission. There is always a quester, a place to go, a reason to go, challenges and trials en route, and the real reason to go. Chapter 2: Nice to Eat with You: Acts of CommunionRead MoreThemes And Symbolism In The Scarlet Letter, By Nathaniel Hawthorne705 Words   |  3 PagesIn most novels, symbols are introduced to the readers often through prevalent attributes. In The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne, there are many people, places, and objects that hold a more complex meaning than it’s shown to be. This novel, containing shame, secrets, and ultimately retribution is shown with many characters and situations. These symbolic ideas are used throughout The Scarlet Letter to bring deep connections between the characters and the story. The symbols usually appear toRead MoreThe Color Purple Chapter 11267 Words   |  6 PagesKim Magtibay Mrs. Gregory AP Literature and Composition 21 August 2017 Summer Reading Assignment The Color Purple Ch. 1 â€Å"Every Trip is a Quest† In this chapter, Foster addresses the five elements of a quest: a quester, a place to go, a stated reason to go there, some challenges and trials on the way, and a real reason to go there. At the end of the quest, the questers learn that the real reason is always for self knowledge and self growth. Celie, the protagonist, struggles to find happiness and comfortRead MoreSymbolism Of The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne923 Words   |  4 PagesSymbolism is a common approach used in writing, but it is not to be taken for its exact connotation. In literature, the symbol can be a person, item, circumstance, or action that has a more profound significance in the writing. In The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne there are four main symbols that the reader would notice. The symbols include, the colors red and black, the meteor, Pearl, and the scarlet letter itself. Hawthorne uses symbolism in the novel to communicate his message. In thisRead MoreImplementing Android Based Application For Attendance Management System For Colleges994 Words   |  4 Pages DFD LEVEL 0 7 3. DFD LEVEL 1 7 4. DFD LEVEL 2 9 5. USE-CASE DIAGRAM 10 6. SEQUENCE DIAGRAM 11 7. 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Ratio Analysis and Equity Valuation †Free Samples to Student

Question: Discuss about the Ratio Analysis and Equity Valuation System. Answer: Introduction Generally, this main research topic of the study is Positive Accounting Research. Moreover, it should also be noted down that, in the present time of competitive business and corporate financial era, it is essential and more important for the companies or firms to effectively adopt and use positive accounting theory in order to enhance the organizational performance. Today, positive accounting theory is used as one of the most effective and innovative tools by the companies or firms to maximize financial as well as economic performance of the company. Positive accounting is also a broader term that helps the firms in creating causal explanations of human behavior in accounting settings. Positive accounting is also assists the companies improving financial performance and conducting accounting and financial tasks more appropriately. Positive accounting is also necessary for the companies because it provides strategic directions about how to maintain market share, overcome accounting errors, conduct financial/accounting functions and bring innovation and development within the current processes. In the same way, Management each and every organization must focus on using positive accounting theory in their workplace practices for the total success. The key aim of the Critique is to understand and evaluate the roles and importance of positive accounting developing causal explanations. Moreover, understanding the significance and value of positive accounting theory in the fortitude of accounting standards is the key objective of the critique. In addition to this, developing a clear understanding about the accounting theory, accounting concepts, accounting standards is also the key aim of this paper. Structure of the Paper: Basically, the structure this research paper is effective because the overall study is divided into different parts in order to fulfill the aims and objectives of the paper. For example, the first part of the study is about introduction in which a general description about the research topic would be given. Moreover, the aims/objectives of the Critique and the main arguments of the paper would also be presented. Finally, information about the overview of the paper would also be given to understand the objectives and aims of the study. The second part of the research paper is about the Article summary which the main arguments of the given research article such as: Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research would be presented by considering aims, findings, theoretical arguments and contribution of the article. The next part is Research Question which research questions related would be identified from the research article. Theoretical Framework is the fourth part of the research st udy, in which the conceptual and theoretical framework would be presented. Moreover, in the significance and limitations of the Article part of the paper, the main merits and demerits would be discussed. Finally, in the conclusion, overall main findings and implications would be summarized. In this research article, the author had defined and explained the concepts, significance and value of positive accounting theory in the context of research program. In addition to this, it can also be summarized that, positive accounting theory is one of the most specific and fundamental branch of academic accounting research that mainly analyze and forecast real world accounting practices (Dunmore, 2009). In the same way, positive accounting is plays a key role in the predicting the real words events and interpreting that events to the accounting transaction. On the other hand, the study conducted by the researcher in the article involve positive theory of accounting in a broad sense of research programs which Management major objective and purpose is to develop and create causal explanations of human behavior in accounting settings (MacLullich, 2003). At the same time, the study is also observes the positive accounting approach to the accounting research. Moreover, it can also be summarized that, positive accounting research is one of the major branch and element of the wider intellectual project of scientific research that utilized in order to recognize the cause effect relations. It is also explained by the researcher in the study that, positive accounting research is characterized with a lot of importance as well as deficiencies that could be reviewed by using wider intellectual project with projects epistemological ontological assumptions (Hay, Knechel, and Wong, 2006). Furthermore, this study is also analyze and evaluate various kinds of serious deficiencies that performed by the positive accounting research. This indicates that, in conducting of positive accounting research, various serious issues and challenges are faced directly (Dunmore, 2009). Along with this, the real aim and objective of the positive accounting may be dissimilar, if the positive accounting research is not well-established. It is also explained by the author in the research article that, positive accounting research may also be used as a paradigm which is best in order to solve accepted puzzles within a social group which allow rewards such puzzle-solving regardless of the social or intellectual contribution to be derived from the solutions (Riahi-Belkaoui, 2004). On the other hand, it is also defined that, positive accounting theory or research is also important and more valuable for the companies or firms in order to make true assumptions in the context of real world events. Hence, positive accounting research brings innovation within the accounting and financial transactions (Hodge, Kennedy, and Maines, 2004). At the same time, it is also accessed and analyzed from the given research article that, the phenomena of accounting are sourced by the operation of rational self-interest between the parties who cooperate by the implied or express contract in the different kinds of business firms. This could also consider not only accounting choices by the companys business managers but also the reporting and pricing conclusion by the auditors (Porter, and Norton, 2008). Moreover, it is defined by the author that, there are several areas of positive accounting research that do not draw significantly on the theoretical model. Furthermore, positive accounting theory does not have wider scope and broader areas as compare to the positive research programs. It indicates that, both positive accounting research and accounting research are not similar. Hence, there are a lot of differences exist among the Management positive accounting research and accounting research (Ittner, Larcker, and Meyer, 2003). It is also accessed that, several types of accounting research analyze the behavior in accounting settings without assuming rational behavior that affects users ability to absorb it. Moreover, it can be said that, in this research study, the researcher had analyzed, explained, and investigated the epistemology as well as ontology of positive research and analyzed how the in-progress practices of accounting research falls short of what is required to operate the research program successfully. Finally, the author had investigated and focused the theoretical models, need for much better measurement, need for data archives of measurements of important concepts and need for extensive replication (Dunmore, 2009). Research Question The research article is characterized with a lot of research objectives, questions and purposes. The following are major research questions identified from the given research article. How the positive accounting theory is more valuable in relation to research program? Is positive accounting theory a branch of academic accounting research? What are the key roles of positive accounting in predicting the real words events? What is the major objective of accounting research programs? Explain how positive accounting research could be a branch of wider intellectual project of scientific research What are the major importance deficiencies associated with the positive accounting research? What are the main consequences if accounting research is not entrenched? How positive accounting research may be used as a paradigm? Is positive accounting theory has less scope as compare to positive research programs? What are the key differences among the accounting research and positive accounting research? (Watts, and Zimmerman, 1990). What is the epistemology ontology of positive research in accounting? Theoretical Framework The study had explained various fundamental theoretical concepts in the area of accounting. For case, in the study, the theoretical concept related to the positive accounting theory, positive accounting research, academic accounting research, ontology, epistemology had explained very clearly and accurately. This theoretical framework could help the readers, students and researchers in understanding of importance of positive accounting research and positive theory of accounting (Kealey, Lee, and Stein, 2007). Moreover, the study has wider Management scope and provides opportunity to the students to effectively analyze the differences among accounting research and positive accounting research and apply them in their real life or workplace. The concepts identified in the research could also help the readers in enhancing their skills, and knowledge in the areas of accounting (Nissim and Penman, 2001). At the same time, the study is also more important and valuable because it clearly indicates the roles of positive accounting and positive accounting research in predicting the real words events. The learners could also able to understand the concept associated with the accounting research programs in effective and proper manner. Moreover, the research is also provides a brief discussion and analysis about the intellectual project of scientific research and consequences of accounting research (Humphrey, 2008). Furthermore, with the help of study, the students or learners could also understand the deficiencies as well as significance of positive accounting research. For case, the readers could be able to use positive accounting research as a paradigm. Along with this, the study is clearly explains different theoretical concepts such as: ontology and epistemology positive accounting research and dissimilarity among the accounting research and positive accounting research (Libet, 2002). Significance and Limitations The following are the significance as well as limitation of the research study such as: The main significance of the study is that, it does not focus only on the theoretical concepts but also provide practical suggestions and information on of positive accounting theory positive accounting research. Moreover, the study is also offer deep insight information on positive accounting theory and research by considering the practical theoretical aspects. The study also has different accounting application that could be used at the workplace. On the other hand, different types of accounting related concepts, methods, and theories are proposed in the study to effectively understand the research. Finally, discussion on the accounting models, theories, and standards is also given to address the research questions properly (Schulz, and Cheng, 2002). The researcher had not used research methods properly to attain the key aims and objectives of the study. For example, both data and information is not presented properly graphically. Research shows lack of data for the further research that is a key issue in the study. Moreover, there is no proper and accurate use of both the methods such as primary and secondary to attain the research objectives. Interview, survey and questionnaire methods are not used in the study properly to get the real information about the study. In addition to this, it is also important to know that, the research had mainly focused on using of secondary source of information instant of primary method. The overall study indicates that, there is no relation among the research objectives and aims (Lobo, and Zhao, 2013). Conclusion Based on the above analysis and research, it can be concluded and summarized that, positive accounting research is more important and valuable for the firms than positive accounting. In addition to this, it can also be concluded that, business firms must use positive accounting in order to conduct the research program to access the real world events. On the other hand, it is also accessed that, positive accounting theory is known and considered as a branch of academic accounting research and predict the real words events. Moreover, positive accounting research is also adopted and utilized by the companies and firms as a part of wider intellectual project of scientific research in order to conduct the business transaction related to accounting and finance. At the same time, it can also be concluded that, positive accounting research provides a lot of valuable benefits to the companies but it deals with the several deficiencies that could be addressed by using appropriate accounting th eories and standards. References Dunmore, P.V. (2009). Half a Defence of Positive Accounting Research. Available At: https://sydney.edu.au/business/__data/assets/pdf_file/0012/59988/Paul_Dunmore_MEAFA_2010.pdf [Accessed On: 28 April 2017] Hay, D. C., Knechel, W. R. and Wong, N. (2006). Audit fees: A meta-analysis of the effect of supply and demand attributes. Contemporary Accounting Research 23 (1), pp, 141191. Hodge, F. D., Kennedy, J. J. and Maines, L. A. (2004). Does search-facilitating technology improve the transparency of financial reporting? The Accounting Review 79 (3), pp, 687703. Humphrey, C. (2008). Auditing research: A review across the disciplinary divide. Accounting, Auditing Accountability Journal 21 (2), pp, 170 203. Ittner, C. D., Larcker, D. F. and Meyer, M. W. (2003). Subjectivity and the weighting of performance measures: Evidence from a balanced scorecard. The Accounting Review 78 (3), pp, 725758. Kealey, B. T., Lee, H. Y. and Stein, M. T. (2007). The association between audit- firm tenure and audit fees paid to successor auditors: Evidence from Arthur Andersen. Auditing 26 (2), pp. 95116. Libet, B. (2002). The timing of mental events: Libets experimental findings and their implications. Consciousness and Cognition 11 (2), pp. 291299. Lobo, G. J. and Zhao, Y. (2013). Relation between audit effort and financial report misstatements: Evidence from quarterly and annual restatements. The Accounting Review, 88(4), pp, 1385-1412. MacLullichConclusion, K. (2003). The Emperors new clothes? New audit regimes: Insights from Foucaults Technologies of the Self. Critical Perspectives on Accounting 14 (8), pp. 791. Nissim, D. and Penman, S.H. (2001). Ratio Analysis and Equity Valuation: From Research to Practice. Review of Accounting Studies, 6, pp, 109154. Porter, G. and Norton, C. (2008). Financial Accounting: The Impact on Decision Makers (6th ed.). USA: Cengage Learning. Riahi-Belkaoui, A. (2004). Accounting Theory. USA: Cengage Learning EMEA. Schulz, A. K. D. and Cheng, M. M. (2002). Persistence in capital budgeting reinvestment decisions personal responsibility antecedent and information asymmetry moderator: A note. Accounting Finance 42 (1), pp, 7386. Watts, R. L. and Zimmerman, J. L. (1990). Positive accounting theory: a ten year perspective. Accounting review, 131-156.

Evaluating Cost Effectiveness Of Lifestyle â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Evaluating Cost Effectiveness Of Lifestyle? Answer: Introduction Marketing strategy and plan is one of the integral parts of an organisational behaviour that encourage it for an expansion into some other market (Baker, 2014). This can happen because of various reasons such as market saturation in the existing market. In such situations, efficient management feel this smarter to move to some other market while keeping the operation in the existing marketing as well. They move to other market in order to enhance their annual returns and to expand its market area to globalise the concept. Globalising the concept would bring them the much-needed benefits, which has become stagnant in the existing market. This assignment is also on the same theme (Gruber, MacMillan Thompson, 2013). The company chosen for this assignment is Ya Kun, which is headquartered in Singapore. The company has attained successes in the country; however, it has now reached to saturation. This is why the management has felt this wiser to move to some other potential market in orde r to attain a progressive trend for the annual returns. The management has decided to move to some other potential market such as India, Malaysia, Brunei, Maldives and Thailand (MENKHOFF EVERS, 2015). The main purpose of this assignment is to analyse the potentiality of the company in context to entering into the identified markets. In doing so, this assignment checks the company and its performance over all the required parameters such as external and internal environment analysis. Brief description of the company Ya Kun are arguably the most recognised coffee shop chains in Singapore. Ever since its inception in the year 1944 in Singapore, it never looked back. The opening was done as a coffee shop. Later, they developed their own trademark with their special kaya toast. The foundation was done as a coffee stall after the World War II; however, it really came into existence as coffee shop chains in the year 2001 in Singapore. Since then it has witnessed a huge expansion in the country and other parts of Asia. Currently, it has 40 outlets in Singapore. It is also operating in 30 other international locations altogether. One of the main reasons behind the success of the company is a mass popularity of its kaya toast. Long-term success can only be attained if innovation is delivered at the most suitable time (Wheelen Hunger, 2017). Ya Kun have maintained the same strategy, which is highly evident in their strategy behind keeping the toast fresh and tasty. They do not believe in importing things from outside of the country. They rather believe in delivering the fresh, which is only possible if it is produced locally. They try to use various natural resources in order to keep their offerings fresh. For example, they offer plastic bags to carry the toast or other snacks. They rely on same supplier for getting all the required materials needed. The kaya toast and the coffee powder are manufactured at its factory in Bedok. These are some strategies, which enable them to offer fresh coffee and kaya toast to customers. They have not restricted them with coffee and toast only but they also offer snacks, beverages and much other stuff (Yakun.com, 2017). Mission and Vision Mission- The mission of the company is as follows (Yakun.com, 2017): To strive to preserve its uniqueness established ever since 1944 To propagate a belief that a fresh and good quality toast can produce friendship and partnership relations with the customers To attain a mission to offer its dual objectives, which is to provide the affordability and availability with its products To pursue an excellent customer service To position it at the forefront with innovation in production Vision- To establish the company as a household reputation in the country and the other parts of Asia (Yakun.com, 2017) Resources It is difficult to operations without the required different resources such as the human, capital, physical etc. Ya Kun Company like many other SMEs have smartly managed the requirement of capital flow. The expansion of the company in Singapore and the other parts of world has largely been accredited to its strategy to approach the franchisees. The different franchisees have helped the company in expanding to an elevated area of business in the country and the other parts of world. The company was able to penetrate into the market, which the company has no access with previously because of capital issues and the government regulations. Another interesting fact about the company is its human resource management, which has efficiently responded to the created urgency. The company relies heavily on recruiting the professionals and training them on the skills and the culture required to propagate the reputation that it carries. They have set certain criteria for selecting the candidate, which the aspirants need to agree in order to crack the interview. The criterion is to be punctual and to have willingness to work with flexible shifts. The training is carried on for two weeks in a row at its SAFRA Mount Faber outlet. The site offers a practical training program, which also include interacting with the live customers (bschool.nus.edu.sg, 2017). Current position Currently, the company is the second largest coffee chains in Singapore followed by ToastBox. Killiney Kopitiam is its other competitor. Ya Kun has maintained a progressive trend in the market; however, it is still a long way for the company to dislodge ToastBox from the top position. In terms of number of outlets, Ya Kun again comes at the second spot after ToastBox. Success of its marketing strategies They are efficient strategy maker in terms of marketing. Physically, they do unlike marketing of their products. For an example, they use wooden tables and tools in order to represent the Chinese culture. Additionally, unlike its competitors it offers limited menu with centred focus on their trademark product kaya toast. To connect to a wider audience, they also sell French toast and Toastwiches. They combine the meal with boiled eggs and beverage. They have kept prices slightly higher in its local outlets; however, it is still less expensive than the pricing at its overseas outlets. One of their unique marketing strategies is the use of recipe, which is only familiar with few Loi families. This is how they deliver a unique taste of coffee and kaya toast to the customers (Iesingapore.gov.sg, 2017). Microenvironment Singapore is a country where numerous different cultures exist. In other words, it means that there exists a variety of taste. Its stores have now become a compulsory one-visit store for most people living in Singapore. Customers of its different coffee shops are mainly the Asian people and those who belong to the other parts of world. They also need to recommend taste to select because most of the time customers find this difficult to understand the best taste for him or her. This is another interesting point that helps in attracting customers to its coffee outlets (Iesingapore.gov.sg, 2017). There are mainly two competitors of Ya Kun Company in Singapore such as ToastBox and Killiney Kopitiam. ToastBox in particular has produced an enormous competition to the company. It is at the top position in Singapore in terms of number of outlets and the growth of sales. It is necessary for Ya Kun that it maintains a high standard quality of coffee, kaya toast and other snacks. This is necessary to enhance its sales. Singapore has become a business hub. It is also gaining popularity in the tourism industry. This is because of both the reasons it is necessary for the company to innovate with their offerings to attract a wider customer base (Iesingapore.gov.sg, 2017). Product/service analysis Unlike its competitors, Ye Kun is limited with the offerings; however, it has now opened up its arms of creative actions. The success story ever since its inception in the year 1944 has been the recipes that include soft-boiled eggs, toast layered with homemade kaya and fresh coffee. It has now also become a comfortable meal for most Singaporeans. The company has now become more creative with recipes in menu such as Toast Dipz. They have maintained their traditional legacy while agreeing to move with the pace of modern taste. The added product is just a mere example of such fact. They are doing this to reach out to younger customers. Such creative ideas have helped the company in producing many reasons for the customers to be in its coffee shops. They are also working with the Singapore Tourism Board to reach to a wider market. They are offering CapitalCard Promotion and discounted offers on Great Singapore Sale (Iesingapore.gov.sg, 2017). Based on above analysis the three kinds of products can be segmented as follows: Core- traditional coffee, kaya toast and even value meals Actual- different kinds of meals to satisfy the different kinds of needs, quality service food and significant brand value in the country Augmented- outlet locations are always close to business areas to make this convenient for the customers to visit, it has now become a significant place to meet with friends and conduct important meetings as well Target market The target market includes locals who have passion for traditional coffee and kaya toast. This also includes tourist, as Singapore has now become a significant tourist attraction. If it expands to some other parts of world such as Maldives, India, Malaysia and Thailand, it would target the local customers as well as the tourists coming from the other parts of world. The target market segmentation is like the following: Demographic- In this category, they have targeted young and middle age customers: 10-50 years old and elders: 50 years and above. This is rightly planned as well. These two age groups are the potential customers for coffee and snacks. Customers are both male and female. They are either married or single. Such business concept is for all income groups. Customers are not judged based on their race. They do this to reach to a wider customer base, which is very important to compete with its competitors (Wipo.int, 2017). Geographic- Geographically, they have targeted all the locals and the tourists who come to the country from other parts of world (Wipo.int, 2017). Behavioural- Those customers are targeted who are loyal and addictive to traditional coffee and kaya toast (Wipo.int, 2017). Psychographic- All those who fall within the lower to middle to upper class (Wipo.int, 2017) Competitive analysis They are competitive because they follow traditional footprint. They are also competitive because they use creative ideas to reach to a wider and enhanced customer base. Collaborating with the Singapore Tourism Board is one of such examples that show their utmost innovation for long-term business strategies. Introducing new taste such as Toast Dipz just shows that they are flexible enough to give space to change. The practical training given to shortlisted staffs in its training location with live customers just add values to their creativity. They are significantly behind to ToastBox in terms of sales growth and coffee outlets; however, they are a potential learner, which is good for a long-term business growth. Identifying the requirement to move to new markets such as Maldives, Malaysia, India and Thailand just show their capability to make justified decisions when it is required the most (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). Environmental analysis (PESTLE) Politically Singapore is a very stable country. The local government of the country has very encouraging thoughts, as it is evident in its decision to promote the country at the global platform in relation to tourism. They are favouring the growth of the country as the global tourism. Nevertheless, this would be beneficial for Ya Kun because it is already engaged in drawing the attention of tourists that come from the different parts of world (Aljunied, 2013). Singapores per capita growth in GDP is higher than even the few developed nations. The open trade policies have favoured mush more in becoming the centre as a business hub for many international companies. The country has also an advanced level of infrastructure, which is good for different kinds of business. The GDP growth and a highly developed infrastructure is a good sign for the business of Ya Kun Company. Locals of the country have high buying capability, which means that income is a least barrier in the success of the business. Additionally, foreign tourists are also the potential buyers (Vu, 2013). The population of the country is occupied with all the age groups. Additionally, it also has the population of tourists that are increasing with passage of time. The population is also a mixture of different cultures that represent different parts of world. It is indeed an opportunity for the Ya Kun Company that it has a large space to use its creativity to satisfy the needs of its target customers those who are young and middle age group people and elder ones (Swee-Hock, 2012). People living in this country are very comfortable with the English language. It has a very developed educational system, which means people are educated and qualified. This is indeed good for a further business of Ya Kun Company. It is a very safe city. It is one of few locations, which provide high supports to the infrastructure related development. This is one such factor, which is supportive for a progressive benefit of the companys business (Png Yoong, 2014). The Singaporean government is very ambitious on the technology part. Such tendency has already attracted much more investments from different parts of the world. The technological advancements of the country and the curiosity of the local government in relation to various technology adoptions have provided an enormous opportunity to the Ya Kun Company. Nevertheless, business operations in the country are supported by utmost set of technologies that is very important for the coffee business (Chatterji, 2016). The legal framework in the country is very favourable to the business. The rights of every business are protected with utmost strategies of the local government. The local government of the country does not let biasness happen with any company. This further means that companies can freely operate their business and would get fair chances of expansion (Ganguli, 2014). Environment The country has lost a significant area of mangrove, which is a matter of worry. However, the country has been successful in reducing the content of carbon from air. This is a remarkable achievement, which also creates potential aspects in the country for foreign investors. This has produced ample of opportunities for the Ya Kun Company to explore its creativity in front of a wide range of people and business (Lai et al., 2015). SWOT analysis Strengths- Mixing up traditional touch with the modern taste is one of the strengths of the company. Using innovative marketing strategies such as working in collaboration with the Singapore Tourism Board to attract the tourists is another strength, which makes them potential business company. Positioning the coffee house near to business areas is another strength that catches much attention (Iesingapore.gov.sg, 2017). Weaknesses- They have expanded to many foreign locations; however, they have not yet entered into some potentially developing markets such as India, Malaysia, Thailand and Maldives. India in particular is a potential location because of the highly incrementing population and an equally incrementing per capita GDP growth (Ahluwalia Little, 2012). Opportunities- Singapore market has now reached to saturation level. However, there are some other potential market such as India, Malaysia, Maldives and Brunei, which have ample of opportunities in them for coffee business (Mukherjee, White Wuyts, 2013). Threats- There is no such threat in Singapore because the business has now reached to a saturation level in the country. However, it might face some challenges in the target countries such as in India where there are many local and international leading companies such as CCD and Barista (Chengappa et al., 2014). There marketing objectives are as follows: To reach to a wider range of customers through effective marketing strategies such as working in collaboration with the Singapore Tourism Board Mixing up traditional flavour with the modern taste to attract younger generations Opening up shops close to different business places to attract maximum customers There financial objectives are as follows: To approach to a large number of franchisees in order to expand the business to a larger area To maintain the capital flow with a continuous expanding relationships with the franchisees It include traditional coffee, Kaya Toast, value meals, Toast Dipz, beverages etc. It has well designed to capture a wider customer base from younger to middle aged to elder people. Integrative marketing communication objectives The integrative marketing communication objectives include the following: To reach to a wider customers through every possible strategy that also include physical promotion such as opening up outlets at the business places To use different social media platforms such as Twitter to get close to the locals and tourists Creative approach/ Message strategy They have different promotional stunts such as opening up outlets close to business places, offering discounted offers to tourists in collaboration with the Singapore Tourism Board. They are also opening up stores at the airports to attract maximum foreign customers towards the brand. Integrative marketing communication options considered They have considered physical promotions such as opening up outlets near to airports and business areas. They also prefer using social media platforms such as Twitter to interact with the locals and the tourists. They also offer discounted offers to the tourists in order to attain a wider reception. Recommendation for IMC plan To use PR activities in order to get close to their customers and understand their requirements. This would help in improving their service further. Monitoring and evaluation of the program The monitoring and evaluation of the program is done by looking into the responses at the different platforms such as the followings at the Twitter. The price for different offering is little costlier in locals; however, it is less expensive to what it is in its global outlets. Their place of operation include majority of business places in Singapore. They are also operating in some other parts of world such as China, UAE. They have planned to expand into India, Malaysia, Maldives, Thailand and Brunei. It includes core ingredient, interactive staffs and skilled employees. It includes various such as legendary service, wooden tables tools and interacting with the tourists through discounted offers on shopping. Physical distribution Clean, friendly environment with wooden tables tools Beverages, snacks, kaya toast, coffee etc. Implementation and control They consider the implementation of various things such as offering discounts to tourists on their shopping with the help from Singapore Tourism Board. They mix up innovation with tradition to attract the younger generations. They control the process through different strategies such as they train employees through live interactions with customers. This strategy can effectively reduce any chances of shortcomings in the customer service. Conclusion Ya Kun are a progressive company that smartly operates with intelligently thoughts. This is why the company has attained a significant position in the hearts of Singaporeans as well as the foreign tourists to this country. The decision to enter the other potential markets such as India, Thailand, Malaysia, Maldives and Brunei would be attainable for the company as they are capable to foster a good entry. However, they need to prepare a thorough documentation comprising of market entry strategies before entering the market to prevent them from any loss. References Ahluwalia, I. J., Little, I. M. D. (2012).India's economic reforms and development: Essays for Manmohan Singh. Oxford University Press. Aljunied, K. (2013, November). Coffee-shops in colonial Singapore: Domains of contentious publics. InHistory Workshop Journal(Vol. 77, No. 1, pp. 65-85). Oxford University Press. Baker, M. J. (2014).Marketing strategy and management. Palgrave Macmillan. bschool.nus.edu.sg (2017). [online] bschool.nus.edu.sg. Available at: https://bschool.nus.edu.sg/Portals/0/images/Media/PrintMedia/2011/Sep/20110901_Success%20formula%20of%20a%20home%20grown%20SME_SPRING.pdf [Accessed 17 Sep. 2017]. Chatterji, M. (Ed.). (2016).Technology transfer in the developing countries. Springer. Chengappa, P. G., Rich, K. M., Muniyappa, A., Yadava, C. G., Ganashruthi, M. K., Pradeepa, B. B., ... Rich, M. (2014). Sustainability coffee certification in India: Perceptions and Practices. Fleisher, C. S., Bensoussan, B. E. (2015).Business and competitive analysis: effective application of new and classic methods. FT Press. Ganguli, S. K. (2014). Dividend, Minority Shareholders, Legal Protection, and Firm Value: Evidence from Singapore. Gruber, M., MacMillan, I. C., Thompson, J. D. (2013). Escaping the prior knowledge corridor: What shapes the number and variety of market opportunities identified before market entry of technology start-ups?.Organization Science,24(1), 280-300. Iesingapore.gov.sg. (2017).Cite a Website - Cite This For Me. [online] Available at: https://www.iesingapore.gov.sg/-/media/IE-Singapore/Files/TastySingapore/Brand-Ambassadors/YaKun.ashx?la=en [Accessed 17 Sep. 2017]. Lai, S., Loke, L. H., Hilton, M. J., Bouma, T. J., Todd, P. A. (2015). The effects of urbanisation on coastal habitats and the potential for ecological engineering: A Singapore case study.Ocean Coastal Management,103, 78-85. MENKHOFF, T., EVERS, H. D. (2015). Singapore: From Knowledge City to Start-Up'Hub'. Mukherjee, C., White, H., Wuyts, M. (2013).Econometrics and data analysis for developing countries. Routledge. Png, M. E., Yoong, J. S. Y. (2014). Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification versus metformin therapy for the prevention of diabetes in Singapore.PLoS One,9(9), e107225. Swee-Hock, S. (2012).The population of Singapore. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Vu, K. M. (2013). Information and communication technology (ICT) and Singapores economic growth.Information Economics and policy,25(4), 284-300. Wheelen, T. L., Hunger, J. D. (2017).Strategic management and business policy. pearson. Wipo.int (2017). [online] Wipo.int. Available at: https://www.wipo.int/ipadvantage/en/details.jsp?id=2573 [Accessed 17 Sep. 2017]. Yakun.com. (2017).Ya Kun Kaya Toast. [online] Available at: https://www.yakun.com/ [Accessed 17 Sep. 2017].