Alessandro Volta Biography

Alessandro Volta Biography Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Volta was an Italian scientist that is known for inventing the first battery. Volta was born into a noble family in Como, Italy on February 18, 1785. When Volta was twenty-nine years old he became a physics professor at the ‘Royal School’ in Como, Italy. He studied chemistry gases in the years of 1776 through 1778. By 1778, Volta managed to make an electrical spark using methane, which he discovered in 1776 by collecting the gas from marshes†¦Volta was the first person to discover and isolate the compound methane. The first battery that Alessandro Volta made was called the ‘Voltaic Pile’. The â€Å"Pile† consisted of discs of copper and zinc, stacked alternatively. In 1800, after going through extensive experimentation, Volta developed the voltaic pile. The original voltaic pile consisted of a pile of zinc and silver discs. The discs were separated by pieces of paper or cardboard and they wer e in between the alternating discs.The dividers were soaked in salt water. A copper wire connected the bottom zinc disc to the top silver disc could create frequent sparks. The top and the bottom layers had to be different metals and they were attached by a copper wire. When the circuit was closed electricity flowed through the Voltaic Pile. In 1779, Volta became a professor one again at the â€Å"University of Pavia†, for about 25 years. In 1794, he married a woman named Teresa Peregrini, who was also from Como, Italy.They both raised three sons: Giovanni, Flamino and Zanino Volta. Volta was acquired as a â€Å"count† by the French emperor, Napoleon, for his impeccable invention. He traveled to Paris, where a special gold medal was given him. Volta retired in 1819 in his hometown of Como, Italy. Alessandro Volta died on March 5, 1827, at the age of 82. He was buried in his late house, which is now called ‘Camnago Volta’.

Case Study: When Radiation Therapy Kills.

Chapter 4: Case Study: When radiation therapy kills. The concepts of ethics are illustrated in this chapter. Ethics is a concern of humans who have freedom of choice. Responsibility, accountability and liability are issues that are raised by radiation technology. In this case we see that the carelessness or laziness of the medical technician, the lack of training in the handling of the equipment (software), also of the maintenance of the updates of the software can cause the life a person. These errors cause by humans or machines can be prevented: if software had some type of safeguards that control the amount of radiation that they can deliver, if the technician or machine operators were more aware of the message errors, that appear on the screen, and if the hospitals had given the proper training to their staff. Technicians, hospital and the software manufacturer all need to collaborated with each other to create a common set of safety procedures, software features in order to prevent this to happen, all of them are responsible. Each of them had the capacity to prevent this type of things to happen and they all decide to blame each other for their own mistakes. The use of a central reporting agency could reduce the numbers of radiation therapy errors in the future because this enables the state to identify trends and exposures that may create safety concerns. If I were to design electronic software for a linear acceleration, I will certainly put some type of safeguards that control the amount of radiation that they can deliver, by this way trying to prevent the overdose of radiation. Polytechnic University of Puerto Rico Graduate Program in Management Chapter 4: Case Study: When radiation therapy kills. Jayline Benitez Hernandez #46654 MGM 6560 – Management of Information Systems September 1, 2011

The Simpsons vs South Park

By contrast South Park relies on our knowledge of subjects outside the realm of elevation. South Park's humor is heavily dependent on the fact that its audience is consuming media and observing culture outside of traditional television shows. The Simpson family is, literally, a middle American family. The town in which they live, â€Å"Springfield† Is constantly shown to be In the center of the country in any of the shows maps. The family consists of Homer and Marge, he's an overweight, undereducated couch potato and she's the long suffering loving wife.Together they have three children Bart, Lisa and Maggie. The trouble-maker, straight a student and doodler respectively, just the composition of this family shows that the creators are seeking to lampoon the average American family. The stupidity of Homer and the children's antics and the ridiculous nature of the world around them are strictly for laughs. In show advertisements mock sexism and religion in American culture. With in the show, the television often reflects criticism of news and popular action movies and issues of children and violence.But for all this satire, there is not much bark to the Simpson bite. The show itself must depend on advertisement revenue. Its network, FOX, Is one of the Top 4 networks In the country. In the late ass's, the Image of Bart Simpson was synonymous with Butterfingers candy bars. There were two music Cad's released with official music videos, that would play at the end of the episodes. It's parody too point. And Its parody that many American's are well aware of already. It's as if the creators wink and nudge at the audience and say ‘You're smart and we know it.Now please, buy our products. † South Park attempts to do something beyond just simple parody of our consumption and violence. Trey Parker and Matt Stone attempt to create new meaning out what we have already viewed. The very meaning of the parody is derived from what you already know of the target of ridicule. This is what Jerkiest and Fiske refer to as intellectuality. They attempt to relate the Simpson to this dynamic but I believe this realm is where South Park is actually operating.The Simpson may use this intellectuality when playing with genre, but South Park uses it when conveying the very meaning of the parody. Even this season alone, South Park had covered the topics of social media sites Like Faceable, celebrates and sex scandals and the hypocrisies of the media concerning such events, and marijuana legalization debate. All of these topics are lampooned by critiquing the media's covered and both sides of the social and political debate on TV.You have to be critically aware to understand the finer points of South Parks humor that lies beneath the crude language and crass Jokes. The irony is that those that think Homer Simpson is a cutting edge satire of American life, are most likely a carbon copy of Homer himself. It's easy to criticize South Park on the surface, b ut those that are media literate will â€Å"get the Joke† more than its critics. The Simpson are entertaining but ultimately, too safe.

Science Fiction and Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Science Fiction and Film - Essay Example The two films The Matrix and Contact display evidence that the above claim is true. Two of the greatest messages of The Matrix is the loss of individuality and the threat of knowledge - the two categories that John Baxter is convinced comprises of the entire science fiction genre. The premises of The Matrix is that human beings are kept in pods, feeding the machines as though they were batteries, while being given memories and experiences that are purely mental, as opposed to physical, which is a huge aspect of the human experience. While the human beings in the Matrix may appear to be individuals, living their lives and doing their own thing, they are all in the same situation in the real world. They are nude bodies, sleeping in pods, being fed memories while being completely unaware of this. There is no individuality in this film. The twist in The Matrix is that there are hundreds of people that are â€Å"free† from this imprisonment and understand what happened to them before they were able to be freed. Neo, Trinity, and Morpheus, to name a few, are among those that were lucky enough to be freed from the battery emporium of the machines. No longer connected to the contraption that feeds their minds memories that are not actually real, these people define what it means to be individuals. As they now have no part of what makes the other people lose their individuality, they act as a comparison/contrast against those that are still connected to the machines. The Matrix is a great example of what it means to be lacking individuality due to the fact that it also offers glimpses of the other side of the argument. Although the goal of the characters in The Matrix involves freeing themselves and others from the grasp of the machines, another goal can be seen as gaining back their individuality. The digital self that every human being sees is the individuality and uniqueness that they would have if the machines

Strategy, Business Information & Analysis Essay

Strategy, Business Information & Analysis - Essay Example Sri Lanka is one of the few countries in the world, providing free universal healthcare, including both education and healthcare services (Workinsrilanka.lk, n.d.). Development of the healthcare industry is one of the major government priorities and for achieving its goals; the Government has initiated the National Health Master Plan (2006-2016). Government support has contributed significantly to the rapid growth and development of both public and private sectors, improved quality of healthcare services and human capital base in the industry (Workinsrilanka.lk, n.d.). As of 2012, Sri Lanka had 593 government hospitals and 197 private hospitals. The number of qualified doctors in total exceeded 17, 129 (approximately 1,187 persons per doctor) and the number of qualified nurses was 29, 871 (approximately 683 persons per nurse) (Workinsrilanka.lk, n.d.). In 2012, the total expenditure on health care both private and public was approximately US $89 per head, or 3.2% of GDP (The Economis t Intelligence Unit, 2014). Even though the level of expenditure on health is low, Sri Lanka illustrates significant positive trends: increase of life expectancy to 75 years, and fall of mortality rate among children t 9.6 cases per 1,000 births (The Economist Intelligence Unit, 2014). The quality of healthcare services provided in Sri Lanka is known around the world, as this country has high quality clinicians, adopts the latest innovations in medicine, science, and technology (Medicare, 2015). In order to have better understanding of the healthcare industry dynamic in Sri Lanka there was utilised the five forces model. There is a limited number of suppliers of medical devices, consumables and pharmaceutical items in Sri Lanka. In addition to limited availability of suppliers, Sri Lankan’s healthcare industry faces with a problem of limited availability of medical devices, consumables and pharmaceutical items often causing stock out situations. Limited number of

In the last decade voting turnout and political participation in the Essay

In the last decade voting turnout and political participation in the UK has declined. What are the possible reasons for this What could be done to help solve the problem - Essay Example The paper also tries to figure out few steps which can bring back the interest of the people in politics. One of the reasons behind the less turn out of people in the politics is the concept of strong government over the representative government. The main focus of the government is to present the country as a strong one in front of the world so sometimes they overlook the basic requirement of the people and therefore people started to lose interest in voting. Another key reason behind the lesser turnout in the UK vote is the failure of the elected people to fulfill their promises. Another theory related to this lesser turn out is the change in the mindset of the voters. People in the UK in modern age are more worried with policy outcomes than they are with policy commitments. The significantly less turn out in the 2001 UK vote was mainly on the ground of above reason. The supporters of the Labor party not wanted to come out in large number to cast their vote just because in their view, â€Å"their party fails to "deliver the goods" by improving health care, education, transportation a nd other vital public services during its first term in office.† (Clarke, Sanders, Stewart &Whiteley; 2002). Apart from all these factors, some other reasons are also their which play an important role in reducing the turnout in vote and also pull down the people’s interest about politics. The level of education among the people, political knowledge, ethiciency, understanding civic duty all these are also the factors which plays an important role in pulling down people’s interest from politics. It has been noticed that highly educated people, people who have the knowledge of politics, who come from political background or associated with politics directly or indirectly are more reluctant to vote where as people from lower middle class, who just

Myers Briggs personality Inventory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Myers Briggs personality Inventory - Essay Example The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator instrument makes use of four dichotomies which differentiate one people from another and consign them as ‘type preference’. The four dichotomies are as follows: Extraversion-Introversion: This indicates whether people have a preference over acquiring personal energy from the external world of actions and people or from internal world of thoughts as well as ideas. Extraverts get easily adjusted to the external environment and prefer to involve in large groups of people. They enjoy while working in groups, learn anything by discussing with others, act in any circumstances without thinking and are expressive as well as outgoing. Introverts may act slowly over any action. They are accustomed to the inner world and prefer to communicate with others through writing than talking. They enjoy while working alone and learn anything through psychological practice. For example, extravert prefers to talk to people and introvert prefers to read books. S ensing-Intuition: This indicates the way through which people take information whether they focus on actual or real based meaning or prefer to apply or interpret the meaning to what they observe. The people who have a preference over sensing use facts and detailed information as well as give emphasis to realistic object. They take time and examine carefully before taking any conclusion. They use their five senses while observing and memorising certain things. The people, who prefer intuition, provide emphasis to hypothetical object and visualise any matter. They quickly jump into conclusion without proper judgement. They use their sixth sense while observing certain things (Prem, n.d.). For example, people who prefer sensing is down-to-earth and extremely dependent on past experiences where as people who prefer intuition are considered idealists and rely much on the future (Prem, n.d.). Thinking-Feeling: This indicates the way through which people make decision whether the people is depended on their rational thinking or influenced by their concern for themselves and others. The people who prefer thinking is analytical. Besides solving problem logically they also provide realistic solution and endeavour for right objective pattern. They use cause-and-effect analysis while taking any decision. They want that everyone should be treated equally without discrimination. The people who prefer feeling are empathetic and kind in nature. They are guided by individual value and want everyone to be treated as an individual. They try hard for harmony as well as positive relations among each individual (Prem, n.d.). For example, people who prefer feeling over thinking are usually predominant in helpful professions which include counsellors. They provide emphasis to fulfil the need of other people and may seek realistic

Fcators Affecting Vulnerability and Assessment of Needs Assignment

Fcators Affecting Vulnerability and Assessment of Needs - Assignment Example Risks factors responsible for individual’s vulnerability entails such attributes such as highblood pressure, unsafe sex, underweight, heavy alcohol and tobacco consumption, unsafe drinking water, poor sanitation and hygiene. Vulnerable mothers are one of the major and most vulnerable American groups. Many interventions are continuously put in place to improve the welfare of such vulnerable mothers. This entails access to housing, proper diet and health care facilities. This also entails educating school children on proper nutrition and facilitating their immunization requirements. Meeting the needs of vulnerable individuals has always been an uphill task. This is mainly because the problems of such individuals are intertwined and do not exist as independent entities. Drugs and substances abuse has always been the major causative problem with vulnerable mothers, infants and highly abusive persons. Drugs and substances abuse plays a major in enhancing vulnerability of individuals in the U.S. apart from its many health related side effects, it also exposes individuals to many other risks such as HIV and AIDS. Its heavy usage leads to addiction leaving individuals incapable of functioning properly if not under its

Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Questions - Assignment Example Moreover, sub-division of goods was necessary without which the barter system could not take place (Suri, Budhiraja and Rajput 2005). Some of the other problems associated with barter system were in storing the materials that would be used for exchange. Since they were in material forms, they required enough spaces, for example materials like rice, grains, etc. Facilities of credit could not be made available in this system. Also, difficulty was faced in transferring the goods and products from one place to another (Suri, Budhiraja and Rajput 2005). In a barter system, even when the number of commodities would be few, the exchange rates for different products and goods became burdensome (Thomas 2005). The establishment of the monetary system has improved upon the barter system owing to different reasons. The barter system has proved to be a system that caused inconvenience for the reasons mentioned above. With all its associated difficulties, the scope and scale of trade became limit ed with use of a barter system. The monetary economy eliminated such difficulties. Money could be used for the purchase of products where the value of the goods could be measured and monetary payments done accordingly. In the monetary system, thus goods are exchanged with money. ... With the new system, the economy of the world could be seen to specialize with higher levels of labor divisions as well. While in the barter system only tangible assets could be used for economy; in the monetary economy, money could be included in the list of assets of any individual. Thus savings is possible to be achieved more in the monetary economic system, where investments can be made with the money depending on need and time. With the monetary economy in place, problems with consumption and distribution have been found to be solved, leading to better investment measures in the economy as well (Kolars et al 2013). Thus it can be said that the establishment of monetary economy has improved upon the previous barter economy. Solution 2: Considering the introduction of money in the economic system of the world, all forms of money are actually incorporated. Thus money could be in the form of anything, any goods or products having some intrinsic value, or that which might not have an y intrinsic value (Karimzadi 2012). Money does not possess any inherent value of its own. It is valuable because people are in needed, while its supply is limited. Goods and products are the most essential factors in the economy. Money is essential as it allows to purchase or sale such needed goods and products. However, the value of money gets affected or influenced depending on factors like inflation that severely affects trade and business activities and people tend to react badly in such situations. Increase in supply of money leads to conditions like inflation in an economy, resulting to increase in prices of goods and products. Hence, essentially the value of

Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in a Water Sample Essay Example for Free

Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in a Water Sample Essay To find out the oxygen content of a water sample by adding MnSO4 and alkaline KI into the solution. Mn2+ was oxidized into Mn3+. Then Mn3+ was reduced back into Mn2+ and I- was oxidized to I2. The solution was titrated against sodium thiosulphate solution and the oxygen content could be calculated. Result Trial 1 Trial 2 Final burette reading (cm3) 19.26 38.42 19.82 38.35 Initial burette reading (cm3 0.10 19.50 0.74 19.82 Volume of Na2S2O3 added (cm3) 19.16 18.92 19.08 18.53 Data being used for calculation Calculation No of moles of Na2S2O3 used = 2S2O32- + I2 S4O62- + 2I- No. of moles of I2 in 100 cm3 solution = = 1.1825 2Mn(OH)3 + 2I- + 6H+ I2 + 2Mn2+ + 6H2O No. of moles of Mn(OH)3 in 100 cm3 solution = 1.1825 X 2 = 2.365 4 Mn(OH)2 + O2 + 2 H2O 4 Mn(OH)3 No. of moles of O2 in 100 cm3 solution = 2.365 Oxygen content = 18.92 mg dm-3 Discussion Reason of filling the whole volumetric flask During the experiment, the water sample was allowed to fill with the whole volumetric flask, this is because we have to prevent oxygen from dissolving from the air into the water sample. Reason of using a magnetic stirrer When conducting the experiment, insoluble manganese (III) hydroxide was formed. It would dissolve in potassium iodide so we have to use a magnetic stirrer to speed up the reaction process. As a magnetic stirrer could stir the solution without spilling, it is very good to be used in this situation. Source of error As the manganese (II) sulphate and potassium iodide solution was added into the flask with over flowing. There will be loss of solution in this process. The chemicals added might be not enough and it will affect the experiment result. We cannot avoid oxygen in air from dissolving into the solution as the mouth of volumetric flask could still allow oxygen to diffuse in. Only one set of data could be used beside trials.

Validity Of A Badminton Specific Vo2max Test Physical Education Essay

Validity Of A Badminton Specific Vo2max Test Physical Education Essay The characteristics of badminton have been studied in detail in an attempt to further the knowledge of coaches and athletes in order to improve performance and training regimes (Chin et al, 1995; Hughes and Cosgrove, 2007). Badminton is a sport that requires repeated high intensity, short duration movements that places both the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems under physiological stress (Manrique and Badillo, 2003). During matches performers undertake bursts of high intensity activity followed by recovery periods regularly throughout the match. Matches at an elite level can vary in length from 20 minutes to an hour (Hughes and Cosgrove, 2007). Through the understanding of the sports technical, intermittent and explosive nature, athletes can train and prepare appropriately in order to meet the physiological demands placed on them during competition. During badminton match play, individuals require a combination of the aerobic and anaerobic energy systems, as well as the physiological requirements of power, flexibility, agility and movement speed, all of which are essential to provide effective match performance. During match play, it has been identified that individuals will maintain heart rates of over 75% of Heart Rate maximum (HR max) in the doubles discipline and over 80% of HR max in singles (Hughes and Cosgrove, 2007). In order for athletes to be able to perform successfully at these intensities for an extended period of time, their aerobic energy systems must be able to hope with such demands. In order for this to be possible training must be conducted appropriately and specifically enough to allow for successful adaptations to occur. This training can be undertaken through work within a gymnasium where aspects of cardiovascular fitness and strength and conditioning can be improved, alongside on-court training to improve technical ability and fitness. Knowing the effectiveness of certain methods of training can give athletes an advantage when it comes to competition. Girard et al., (2005) highlighted the limitations of using treadmill testing within racquet sports such as squash and badminton. They emphasised that exercise testing on the treadmill is not specific enough for the muscles involved in these sports and is therefore inadequate for evaluating the specific demands of the sport. Consequently, assessing the effectiveness of training adaptations in relation to match performance can only be conducted through the use of specific testing. This has enforced the view that, the development of appropriate fitness tests in sport is generally considered to be one of the essential tasks of sports scientists (Chin et a l., 1995). Chin et al., (1995) suggested that the customary standardised tests for aerobic fitness are not sufficient for an accurate prediction of successful performance in most sports, especially racket sports. They go on to claim that due to the intermittent characteristics of badminton, an accurate fitness test cannot be appropriately simulated in a laboratory situation. Therefore, it is necessary to assess physiological profiles of such sports during field tests. Wonisch et al., (2003) suggested that the direct measurement of respiratory gas exchange variables under field conditions may be useful in future research. They also suggested that further studies under competition-like conditions may provide additional information about the impact of aerobic power in badminton. Recent technological advancements have enabled the development of lightweight ambulatory metabolic devices allowing for an accurate evaluation of racquet sports such as badminton whilst on court. This has proved essential for assessing the specific demands of sport due to the ability to analyse and record specific physiological contributions to exercise, such as VO2, VCO2 and RER, within 5 second intervals. Studies which have used this method of assessing the physiological demands of badminton include; Roecker et al. (2005) and Faude et al. (2007). Previously, physiological profiling using mixing-chamber based metabolic devices have been undertaken in football (Ferrauti et al. 2006), tennis (Smekal et al. 2001), and badminton (Faccini and Dal Monte, 1996) but were all unable to attain accurate and sport specific values reflecting the physiological demands. Sport-specific fitness tests have been created for the Badminton England and the Welsh Institute of Sport. These field tests have been designed to be highly sport-specific and easily administered by players and coaches (Hughes and Cosgrove, 2007). These tests are able to assess; jumping ability, movement speed, and aerobic performance. These tests have been used to provide specific fitness testing results which can enable the coach to identify whether an athleteà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s performance is being restricted by movement technique or general fitness (Hughes and Cosgrove, 2007). Recently a sport specific, incremental aerobic fitness test has been developed by the Badminton England. Hughes, (2003) designed the protocol that will be used to investigate the physiological responses of badminton performers whilst on court. This is aimed at participants reaching a point of exhaustion by the end of the testing. It is proposed that when athletes reach exhaustion during this type of test, VO2max values could be attained. This is what is to be studied during this research process and if found to be the case, this testing procedure could provide a more accurate and effective method of assessing VO2max, and could phase out the use of treadmill VO2max testing within badminton. Using a badminton-specific incremental test to generate VO2max results rather than the generic treadmill VO2max test can provide increased validity in the assessment of an individual badminton playerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fitness level. It is important to be able to assess athletes in such ways in order to improve performance and adapt training regimes, especially at an elite level. However, as of yet there has not been testing conducted into the relationships between the three different endurance tests used in the study; the treadmill test and the on-court incremental test, which both provide measures of performance in terms of time to fatigue and the VO2 max result; and the speed endurance test which measures performance in terms of maximal speed, average speed and fatigue throughout the test. VO2max on-court is not only related to aerobic fitness, but also technique and the efficiency of on court movement. This is why it is important to investigate whether these tests are suitable fo r widespread use within badminton for accurately assessing individualà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s playersà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ fitness levels, as well as identifying the effectiveness of specific field testing for application within all sports. .