Definitions of and Treatment for Alcohol Abuse Essay

One out of every thirteen adults are considered to be an alcoholic or to suffer from drinking problems. Alcoholism is a developmental disease that progresses slowly over a number of years and is based on both the physical and emotional dependency on alcohol. In many cases it leads to brain damage or early death. Alcoholism is a chromic disease, which means that it will last a person’s lifetime. The risk for developing alcoholism is influenced by both a person’s genes and their lifestyle. Early symptoms of alcoholism includes putting an excessive importance on the availability of alcohol. An alcoholic usually has a high tolerance to alcohol, which means they are able to drink more and show less side effects when compared to another†¦show more content†¦It can permanently damage the central and peripheral nervous systems. If an alcoholic withdrawals from drinking it can cause shaking limbs, Hallucinations, and blackouts: Which can be fatal if they are not treated properly. Recent studies show that approximately fifty-three percent of adults in the United States have one or more close relatives that have drinking problems. Alcohol Abuse has cost the United States more than 220 billion dollars in 2005 alone. Problem drinkers are most often found in young adults between the ages of 18 and 29 years old, and the fewest in adults who are 65 years of age or older. Alcohol Abuse is one of the major risk factors for violence, and research shows that fifty percent of all homicides and forty percent of all assaults in the United States are alcohol related. In the United States, more than forty percent of the people who start drinking when they are fourteen years old or younger are more likely to become alcoholics than those who don’t. One in ten Americans, currently have alcohol problems. Alcoholics have the option of involving themselves in a treatment group, which may be an individual therapy, or a group therapy. (AA) Alcoholics Anonomous is one of the treat ent groups that is available, using the twelve step method in approaching sobriety. Some other treatment methods include doctor prescribed medications, which help to decrease the craving for alcohol. Some examples of prescribed medications that areShow MoreRelatedAlcohol Abuse And Alcoholism Abuse1458 Words   |  6 PagesThe alcohol abuse definition is similar to alcoholism in that in both cases alcohol is causing harm to the drinker s life and those around them. The difference is that those who abuse alcohol, but are not yet alcoholics, typically can put some limitations on their drinking and they have not yet become physically addicted to alcohol. The key to the alcohol abuse definition is not in the amount of alcohol consumed but on how it affects an individual. Alcohol abuse is a psychiatric diagnosis in whichRead MoreUnderstanding Addiction1317 Words   |  6 PagesThe Doctor’s Opinion, Dr. William Silkworth (1939) wrote the following, â€Å"We believe, and so suggested a few years ago, that the action of alcohol on these chronic alcoholics is a manifestation of an allergy; that the phenomenon of craving is limited to this class and never occurs in the average temperate drinker. These allergic types can never safely use alcohol in any form at all; and once having formed the habit and found they cannot break it, once having lost their self-confidence, their relianceRead MoreDID Essay1460 Words   |  6 Pagesmemories of trauma is important for a person living with DID, because this disorder is believed to be triggered by physical or sexual abuse in childhood. Young children have a pronounced ability to dissociate and it is believed that those who are abused may learn to use dissociation as a defense. 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When the system triggers such alert, it is the duty of the nurse to acknowledge the order, which then the pharmacist verifiesRead MoreA New Paradigm Substance Use Disorder Treatment1656 Words   |  7 PagesRemission a new paradigm in Substance Use Disorder Treatment Addiction treatment is a complex and paradoxical issue. Despite the fact that most of the medical and academic institutions define addiction as a chronic brain disease, it is too often treated on an acute basis. Chronic conditions are defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as requiring ongoing management over a period of years or decades and cover a wide range of health problems. The goals of chronic care are not to cure, but toRead MoreDrug Addiction And Drug Abuse1401 Words   |  6 PagesAn Essay on Drug Addiction and Drug Abuse Introduction: The terms drug addiction and drug abuse are often used interchangeably. However, they are in fact two separate situations. Drug abuse generally leads a person down the path toward drug addiction, but not every individual who abuses drugs becomes an addict. The definition of drug abuse continues to change because the term is subjective and infused with the political and moral values of the society or culture one lives in. An example

The Truth Behind Jfk s Assassination - 1510 Words

Few historical events are as hotly debated as the assassination of president John F Kennedy on November 22nd,, 1963. Many argue that we will never know the complete truth of what happened that day, and to an extent that is true. Peter Ling, author of the article â€Å"Killing Kennedy† argues that because of the ill performed and confused investigation of the assassination, too many details have been lost for us to ever find out the entire truth about the events that took place that day. There are others who believe that the evidence we already have is sufficient, even if some was muddled and lost. Someone who thinks along these lines is Max Holland, author of the article â€Å"The Truth Behind JFK’s Assassination†. He argues that even though the details are a little blurred, we know all that we need to know in order to understand what happened. I feel as though there is credence in both arguments, we should always strive to completely understand the events that h appen around us, but it is not always necessary to know about every single little detail. In his article Peter Ling argues that there were so many blunders caused by police and other investigators that it became impossible to learn the actual truth. He believes that this is the reason that there are so many conspiracies and other theories that surround JFK’s death. He believes that even though we have a basic understanding of what happened, there is still much that we do not know. Matt Holland wrote also about the KennedyShow MoreRelatedThe Assassination Of Jfk Assassination Theory1385 Words   |  6 Pagesessay is the JFK assassination theory. I would like to research this because I have seen documents and videos online and on television about the conspiracy but I have not done full research into it to see the facts. 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Some years following President Kennedy’s assassination, Jim Garrison filed charges against New Orleans entrepreneur Clay Shaw, who is playedRead MoreJfk : The Assassination Of President Kennedy1448 Words   |  6 PagesResearch Essay July 26, 2016 JFK On November 22, 1963 national tragedy struck America after the catastrophic death of the thirty-fifth president of the United States, John F. Kennedy. Kennedy arrived in Dallas with his wife, Mrs. Jacqueline Kennedy, by his side and rode in a convertible limousine behind John and Nellie Connolly through Dealy Plaza. When the motorcade took way through downtown Dallas, shots were fired at president Kennedy soon killing him. The assassination of president John F. KennedyRead MoreMilitary Industrial Complex During The Farewell Speech1710 Words   |  7 Pageswanted in the White House. Oliver Stone s film, JFK, explored the possibility that Kennedy was killed by a conspiracy involving the military-industrial complex. L. Fletcher Prouty, Chief of Special Operations for the Joint Chiefs of Staff under Kennedy, and the person who inspired the character Mr. X in Stone s film, wrote that Kennedy s assassination was actually a coup d à ©tat. ii. Secret Service conspiracy The House Select Committee on Assassinations reported that it investigated allegedRead MoreWho Killed Jfk? The Kennedy Conspiracy?1047 Words   |  5 PagesKevin Myers Professor Vollaro ENC 1101 June 8, 2016 Reader Response Essay â€Å"Who Killed JFK? The Kennedy Conspiracy† In The Week’s article, â€Å"the CIA, aliens and the Illuminati, those shots are continuing to reverberate across the US.† I believe the John F. Kennedy’s assassination was an inside job, the only problem is they’re so many variables, and so much controversy in that particular fragment of history; Politics, The Mafia, The Soviet Union, Possibly the CIA, our own government could all haveRead MoreWho Killed JFK? Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesReview of Research The assassination of John F. Kennedy is said to be, as from the Warren report, a murder. The Warren report states that a man, Lee Harvey Oswald, fired 3 shots from the 6th floor of the Texas Book State Depository building. One missed the President’s motorcade completely; another hit President Kennedy in the neck, and the last hit him in the head, which was later said after an autopsy, to be the cause of death. The problem with the Warren report is that some eyewitnessesRead MoreJohn F. Kennedy s Assassination1739 Words   |  7 PagesF Kennedy grew up in a wealthy and very political family. His assassination was a shock to many. It was a time of Cold War and the peak of US involvement in Vietnam. It is important to understand the John F. Kennedy regime including both its national and foreign policy. You also need to look into his personal life. This would help to create motives, and find the primary aspect to consider when looking into any homicide, assassination or murder. He was the first president who was a Boy Scout, theRead MoreLee Harvey And The Assassination Of Jfk2462 Words   |  10 PagesLee Harvey Oswald and The Assassination of JFK On November 22, 1963 United States President John F. Kennedy was shot and killed in Dallas Texas. In September 1964 the Warren Commission, appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson, presented an official report documenting the details of the assassination. This report concluded that Kennedy was killed by a man named Lee Harvey Oswald, and that Oswald acted alone. Ever since then there has been speculation concerning the validity of the Warren CommissionRead MoreThe Assassination Of John F. Kennedy3922 Words   |  16 Pagesthe 20th century is the assassination of John Fitzgerald Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States. Many people have theorized to the exact nature of JFK’s death but no one can seem to agree, but what most people do agree on is that the Warren Commission’s findings were wrong. Fifty years after the incident, 61% of Americans believe that Lee Harvey Oswald was not the only person involved in the successful assassination attempt. (Majority in U.S . Still Believe JFK Killed in a Conspiracy)Read More Political Communication in Oliver Stone’s Platoon and JFK Essay4747 Words   |  19 PagesPlatoon and JFK. Oliver Stone, a three-time Academy Award winner and known as one of the best filmmakers in his generation, ignores Hollywood convention warning against making films with a message. Among some of his great films, he made the two films Platoon and JFK. In Platoon, he presents a gritty and emotional examination of American soldiers during the Vietnam War through the lens of Chris Taylor, a biographical representation of himself and some of his own war experiences. In JFK, Stone mixes

Organizations in Statistics Business Research Method

Question: Discuss about the Organizations in Statistics Business Research Method. Answer: Introduction Non-GAAP earnings method is a way to measure the earnings of the business organizations. In case of non-GAAP earnings, the earnings of the organizations are calculated over the GAAP earnings (Bentley et al. 2016). The non-GAAP earnings method is based on the logic management. The GAAP earnings of the business organizations can be supplemented by the non-GAAP earnings. Brown et al. (2016) mentioned that the non-GAAP earnings method provides better results than the GAAP earnings method. The non-GAAP earnings are more accurate that the GAAP earnings. Moreover, the non-GAAP earnings are more helpful for the investors (Black et al. 2015). However, with the help of this study, it will be tried to identify the implications of non-GAAP earnings on the financial performance and the future of the business organizations. At the same time, the research will also try to identify how much the use of non-GAAP accounting measures is beneficial for the investors. In order to achieve the goal, the res earch will analyze several existing researches on the similar subject matter and an in-depth literature review will be done for better understanding on the subject. Use of non-GAAP earnings method in current context In current business context, if the financial statements of different companies are analyzed, then it can be identified that the companies have used some methods of earnings measurement, which are different than the method prescribed by Generally Accepted Accounting Standard or GAAP (Isidro and Marques 2015). This earnings measurement method is known as the non-GAAP earnings measurement method. Malone, Tarca and Wee (2016) stated that the use of non-GAAP earnings measurement method is increasing day-by-day because it helps to get better outcomes to the companies and investors. Black et al. (2015) added that in case of USA, most of the companies in recent era are using the non-GAAP earnings method for measuring their earnings in a particular financial year. On the other side, Cormier, Magnan and Demaria (2016) argued that in present business context, many business organizations are using the non GAAP earnings measures along with the GAAP earnings measures. This technique of earning measurement has better impact on the financial performance of the company. The computation of earnings of the company by using the mixed method of GAAP earnings and non-GAAP earnings is more informative (Misund, and Osmundsen 2015). As per the current report on the use of accounting techniques, it has been identified that the use of non-GAAP earnings measurement method has increased from 358 in 2009 to 448 in 2015 in case of SP 500 companies. In case of the other companies, the number has grown from 280 to 407 (Linsmeier 2016). The number of companies in FTSE 100, which are using the non-GAAP earnings measures, has also increased. The different metrics, which are included under non-GAAP accounting measures are adjusted revenue, EBITDA, adjusted EBITED, EBIT, Adjusted net revenue, Funds for operations, Adjusted EPS, Average revenue per customers and free cash flow (Cheng 2016). If the statistics of FTSE 100 companies are checked then it can be identified that in current scenario, the use of non-GAAP accounting measures has been increased by 39% in computing and reporting adjusted operating profit, 11% increased in ascertaining the EBITDA (Leung and Veenman 2016). On the other side, Demerjian, Donovan and Larson (2016) mentioned that in current scenario, only 2% companies are there in United Kingdom, which are using the GAAP measurement methods purely. This indicates that 98% of the companies in United Kingdom are using non-GAAP measurement technique while calculating their incomes either directly or indirectly (Mergenthaler 2015). However, Misund and Osmundsen (2015) stated that it is not easy to ascertain the actual percentage of companies, which are using only the non-GAAP accounting measures. Reasons for which the companies are using the non-GAAP accounting measures As per PWCs report, the companies in todays scenario have agreed that the non-GAAP accounting standards provide some additional information to the stakeholders, which is not available in case of GAAP accounting measures. This additional information is very useful for the users of financial information of the companies. Bricker and Siegel (2016) noted that the main reasons for which the business organizations prefer to use the non-GAAP accounting measures is the availability of information. In support of this Black et al. (2015) added that the main aim of financial reporting is to provide required information to the stakeholders or the users so that they can take better decisions and in case of non-GAAP accounting measures, it is easily possible. It actually helps the stakeholders to understand the present performance and future possibilities of the company. At the same time, Misund and Osmundsen (2015) mentioned that, if the business organizations use the non-GAAP accounting measures, then it becomes easier for them to maintain the disclosure requirements. This means the non-GAAP accounting measures help to maintain the transparency level in the business organizations. Advantages of non-GAAP accounting measures Brown et al. (2016) believed that the use of non-GAAP accounting measures is very helpful for the investors because it helps to analyze the financial statements in a better way. If the use of non-GAAP accounting measures are analyzed then the following advantages can be derived: Non-GAAP accounting measures have no tendency to understate the accounting figures like, Earnings Per Share or EPS and EBITDA. Due to this, the actual income of the companies can be identified and the investors can take proper decisions as per the financial results stated in the financial statements of the companies (Mergenthaler 2015). In non-GAAP accounting measures, more financial information of the companies can be gained. The non-GAAP accounting measures provide detailed information about the financial activities and transactions of the companies, which is very helpful for the stakeholders of the companies (Linsmeier 2016). As the non-GAAP accounting measures provide the detailed views of the financial positions of the companies, the chances of misleading the statements are much less than that of the GAAP accounting measures. Hence, the chances of accounting frauds are limited in case of non-GAAP accounting measures (Leung and Veenman 2016). The non-GAAP accounting measures are more transparent than that of the accounting measures under GAAP. Therefore, from the above discussions, it can be said that there are many advantages that can be obtained by using the non-GAAP accounting measures. Due to these advantages, the use of this particular method has increased n recent era. Research objectives The primary objectives of this particular research will be as follows: To identify the benefits that the business organizations and investors can get by using the non-GAAP accounting standards To determine the relationship between the financial results of the companies and the non-GAAP accounting measures used by the companies To find out the challenges that the companies and investors face in using the non-GAAP accounting measures To identify the ways through which the challenges in non-GAAP accounting measures can be solved Research question The questions that will be answered during this research are as follows: What benefits that the business organizations get by using the non-GAAP accounting measures? What is the relationship between the non-GAAP accounting measures and financial performance of the companies? What are the problems faced by the companies and investors in using non-GAAP accounting measures? How the organizations can solve the problem areas in non-GAAP accounting measures? Research Hypotheses The hypotheses of this research will be as follows: H1: The mixed method of GAAP and non-GAAP accounting measurement helps the investors to analyze the financial statements in better way. H2: The mixed method of GAAP and non-GAAP accounting measurement does not help the investors in analyzing the financial reports. Research methodology Research methodology is the systematic way through which a research is carried on. In this particular research, the research methodology will be based on particular philosophy, approach and design of research. For a research project, there are mainly three research philosophies are available and these are positivism philosophy, realism philosophy and interpretivism philosophy (Silverman 2016). Positivism philosophy is based on the positivist or logical knowledge. This particular philosophy especially focuses on the facts and logic. On the other side, realism philosophy is based on the different aspects of reality like, beliefs, linguistic practices and perceptions. The interpretivism philosophy is based on social science (Mackey and Gass 2015). However, this research project will be based on positivism philosophy because this philosophy is easy to understand and it has well-defined structure that allows analyzing the data systematically. Research approach is as important as the research philosophy. There are two types of research approaches deductive research approach and inductive research approach (Flick 2015). In case of deductive approach, the research is done through testing the existing theories but in case of inductive approach, the research tries to set new theories. In this study, the deductive approach will be followed because this approach is simple and analyzing the existing theories includes less time and cost. For a research, the research design is also very useful. There are three research designs are available descriptive design, explanatory design and exploratory design (Smith 2015). Descriptive design helps to conduct the research by describing every facts and theories. On the other side, in case of exploratory research design, the research observes something and tries to explore the same. In explanatory research, the research explains the existing facts. In this study, the descriptive research de sign will be followed because it helps to analyze the research data in detail, which is very important to get the accurate result (Hovorka 2016). Project plan (Gantt chart) Activities Weeks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Selecting the research Topic Background research Setting the aim and Objectives Setting the research questions and hypotheses Literature review Setting the research methodology Sampling Primary data collection Primary data analysis Secondary data analysis Data collection and analysis report due Linking the objectives with the findings Conclusion and recommendation Final business research thesis due Table 1: Gantt chart (Source: Created by author) Research process This research will follow a systematic process to achieve the final goal. The research process will start from selecting the perfect topic of the research. After that the research will gather some background information regarding the topic. This will help to prepare the base line of the study. After gathering enough background information, the study will set the aim, objectives, questions and hypothesis of the study. Then the literature review of the study will be started. During the literature review, the research will try to find out the answers of the research questions. In the literature review, at first the literature review will identify the GAAP requirement and non-GAAP requirements, so that the comparison between these two can be made. After that, the primary data will be gathered from the investors of Woolworths Limited and Wesfarmers Limited in Australia. The data will be collected through interview method. With the help of this data, the research will try to identify, how much the investors are benefited by using non-GAAP accounting measures and how much the investors prefer for the non-GAAP accounting measures. After gathering the primary and secondary data, the analysis will be done and the research will conduct in-depth analysis of the data through qualitative method. In the analysis, the research will try to identify the relationship between the use of non-GAAP accounting technique and the financial performance of the companies as per their financial reports. At the same time, it will also help to test the hypotheses of the study. Data collection and analysis methods Data collected is an essential part of a research project. The success of a research depends on the quality and type of data that it collects and analyzes (Singh and Tewari 2015). There are two types of data used in the research projects primary data and secondary data. As per the nature, the primary data are the new data, which is not available in any books, journals, websites and articles. On the other side, the secondary data are old or existing data, which are available in different journals, books, articles and websites (Smith 2015). In case of this particular research, both types of data will be used. The primary data for the research will be collected by using the interview method. The interview will be conducted with the investors, who invest in the two major companies listed under Australian Stock Exchange and that are Woolworths Limited and Wesfarmers Limited. The interview will be conducted with the investors because they have more knowledge of GAAP and non-GAAP accounting techniques as they deals with the analysis of financial reports of various companies. With the help of these interviews, it will possible to gather real data from the market. On the other side, the secondary data for the research will be collected from different journals, books, websites and the financial reports of various companies in Australia. Along with the data collection, data analysis is also an important part of the research project. The research gets the final result through the proper analysis of the collected data. The data of the study can be analyzed with the help of two techniques quantitative data analysis technique and qualitative data analysis technique (Flick 2015). Quantitative data analysis technique is a mathematical way to analyze the data. This technique is very useful for analyzing the data, which are collected through surveys. The results that are obtained through quantitative analysis are easy to understand because in this analysis, the result is in numeric format, which is easy to understand (Singh and Tewari 2015). Apart from the quantitative data analysis, there is also qualitative data analysis technique. In this particular technique, in-depth analysis of data is done. The qualitative data analysis technique is very useful for analyzing the data, which are collected through interview or focus group or observation (Smith 2015). This is not a mathematical technique of analyzing the data. In this particular study, the qualitative technique of data analysis will be selected because the data of the research will be gathered through interview. At the same time, the qualitative data analysis technique provides the detail view of the facts. Sampling technique and sample size The research in which the primary data is used, sampling is the essential part. Sampling is the process through which the research participants are selected for gathering the primary data. Sampling can be of two types probability sampling and non-probability sampling (Flick 2015). Probability sampling is done, where the population size is vast and the non-probability sampling is done, where the population size is less. In case of this particular study, the non-probability sampling method will be followed because the number of investors agreed for the interview is less. Due to this, the population size is small and so the non-probability sampling technique will be followed. The requires for the interview will be made to 20 investors in Woolworths and Wesfarmers Limited and it is expected that at least 50% that is 10 investors will be agreed to take part in the interview process. Possible limitations of the study This research may face some limitations, which create barrier for completing the research successfully. The first limitation that may take place is the availability of data. The primary data of the research will be gathered by interviewing the investors. However, convincing the investors for interview will be very difficult. Hence, the availability of proper data can be a limitation. Other than this problem, the time and costs may be the limitation of the study. This is because time and costs are limited and completing the study within that limited time and cost will be very difficult. Expected research outcomes It is expected that after conducting this particular research, the research questions will be solved. Based on the literature review, it can be expected that the research will identify a positive relationship between the use of non-GAAP accounting measures and the financial results of the companies. This is because with the help of non-GAAP accounting measures, the companies can identify the income accurately. At the same time, it is also expected that the study will identify that the investors of the companies are benefited because of the use of non-GAAP accounting measures by the companies like, Woolworths Limited and Wesfarmers Limited. Apart from these two, the study will also identify the other benefits and limitations or challenges of using the non-GAAP accounting measures. On the other hand, it can be expected that the research will identify the differences between the GAAP accounting measures and non-GAAP accounting measures. The hypotheses of the study are expected to be met . Reference list: Bentley, J.W., Christensen, T.E., Gee, K.H. and Whipple, B.C., 2016. Disentangling managers and analysts non-GAAP reporting incentives.Available at SSRN 2610995. Black, D.E., Black, E.L., Christensen, T.E. and Gee, K.H., 2015. CEO compensation incentives and non-GAAP earnings disclosures. Black, E.L., Christensen, T.E., Kiosse, P.V. and Steffen, T.D., 2015. Has the Regulation of Non-GAAP Disclosures Influenced Managers Use of Aggressive Earnings Exclusions?.Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance, p.0148558X15599131. Bricker, W. and Siegel, M., 2016. Listening to Users on Transition Issues, Non-GAAP Measures, and Disclosures: Opening Remarks from the SEC and FASB.The CPA Journal,86(7), p.28. Brown, N.C., Christensen, T.E., Menini, A. and Steffen, T.D., 2016. Non-GAAP Earnings Disclosure and IPO Pricing.Available at SSRN 2803795. Cheng, C.S., 2016. Discussion of Nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ GAAP earnings disclosures and IFRS.Accounting Finance. Cormier, D., Magnan, M. and Demaria, S., 2016. A Look at EBITDA Reporting and Market.Cahier de recherche, p.02. Demerjian, P.R., Donovan, J. and Larson, C.R., 2016. Fair value accounting and debt contracting: Evidence from adoption of SFAS 159.Journal of Accounting Research. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Hovorka, A.J., 2016. Gender resources for urban agriculture research: methodology, directory and annotated bibliography. Isidro, H. and Marques, A., 2015. The role of institutional and economic factors in the strategic use of non-GAAP disclosures to beat earnings benchmarks.European Accounting Review,24(1), pp.95-128. Leung, E. and Veenman, D., 2016. Non-GAAP Earnings Disclosure in Loss Firms.Available at SSRN 2825977. Linsmeier, T.J., 2016. Revised Model for Presentation in Statement (s) of Financial Performance: Potential Implications for Measurement in the Conceptual Framework.Accounting Horizons. Mackey, A. and Gass, S.M., 2015.Second language research: Methodology and design. Routledge. Malone, L., Tarca, A. and Wee, M., 2016. IFRS nonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ GAAP earnings disclosures and fair value measurement.Accounting Finance,56(1), pp.59-97. Mergenthaler, R.D., 2015. ACADEMIC EXPERIENCE.Review of Accounting Studies,20(1), pp.470-500. Misund, B. and Osmundsen, P., 2015. The Value-Relevance Of Accounting Figures In The Oil And Gas Industry: Cash Flow Or Accruals?.Petroleum Accounting and Financial Management Journal,34(2), p.90. Silverman, D. ed., 2016.Qualitative research. Sage. Singh, A. and Tewari, P.C., 2015. A Research Methodology for the Effective Implementation of JIT Based Production System in Indian Automotive Industries. In2nd Mechanical Engineering Graduate Research Symposium (MEGRES), March(Vol. 21). Smith, J.A. ed., 2015.Qualitative psychology: A practical guide to research methods. Sage.

Essay On The Baroque Art Period Example For Students

Essay On The Baroque Art Period Throughout history all cultures have been influenced by music. Since the Baroque period music has evolved and changed to meet the needs of the composers, listeners and of the culture as well. Ever since the monolithic chant of the previous millennia the western musical tradition been a mirror to the turmoil and the triumph in the European society. Influenced by religion, nationalism, geography, living conditions, imperialism, pragmatics, social mores, traditions, etc? western music has evolved into a mighty being that still will endure for centuries. Before the Baroque era in music there were many forms of western music. Most of this music was monophonic, sung in chant used mostly for religious purposes. During the previous millennia most music was sung in chant form with very little accompaniment, save a harp or a violin. In these times music was a simple art, sung by the people to praise the Lord. Eventually polyphonic music developed, first starting as monophonic chant sung in thirds and fifths, and later contrapuntal music was created. During this time the music notation system was standardized, originally a modified Greek system; music notation evolved into the notation that is used today. Having the use of music notation set the foundation for Baroque music and for all music after that. In the late sixteenth century and early seventeenth century the Baroque style of music started in Italy. Italy, where the renaissance started, was able to create a new type of music rich in feeling, but less intricate than much of the previous renaissance music that was centered towards the north (France and the area now occupied by the Netherlands). New ideas, like interplay between the various instruments in an orchestra, became prevalent, unlike the monophonic music of previous years. As new instruments were incorporated into orchestras and compositions became increasingly more instrumental interplay had an increasing new role in the new baroque music. Claudio Monteverdi was a pioneer in the field of music at this time. His new operas contained many instances on interplay and sudden contrasts in feeling. As the seventeenth century progressed base parts in music became increasingly more important as the new basso continuo, idea formed. In the basso continuo soprano and alto voices in the music would be constructed on a platform of bass chords that gave meaning and structure to the music. During the Baroque period new forms of presenting music were invented. The cantata and oratorio were created as new forms of vocal pieces. Both of these forms had repeating phrases that structured the pieces with minimal orchestral accompaniment. New forms of music were written in continuous contrapuntal form with no distinguishable movements, the most famous of which was the fantasia. Other forms such as the sonata had many homophonic and contrapuntal movements that contrasted witheach other. There were many pieces that were a theme and variations called a passacaglia. The concerto was a solo instrument that played against an orchestra that differed on many musical, rhythmical and dynamic levels. The concerto was one of the most important forms of music that came out of the Baroque period. During the Baroque period there were many new influential composers. These composers included the Italian composers Alessandro Scarlatti, Arcangelo Corelli Domenico Scarlatti, and Antonio Vivaldi; the Italian-Frenchman Jean Baptiste Lully; the English composers Henry Purcell; and the French composer Jean Philippe Rameau. Towards the end of the century, music became more fluid and romanticized. The ideas of contrasting movements gave way to pieces that more or less the same general musicality and character all the way through. Towards the end of the Baroque period, the great composer J. S. Bach shined and wrote some of the best Baroque pieces ever written, still Baroque in style, but giving way to the new classical period. During the mid eighteenth century there was a reaction to the Baroque style of music. People were tired of the ridged counterpoint that governed the baroque music. .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 , .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .postImageUrl , .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 , .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:hover , .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:visited , .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:active { border:0!important; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:active , .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9 .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua6513a6098dc428d815eb2202bd283c9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: What is Art? Argumentative EssayInstead new composers chose to compose a new form of music that was happy and jubilant to mirror the times of great exploration and hope for European society. New music, like the rococo written by the French composer Fran? Â §ois Couperin showed the new jubilance in music. This new music was broken into several contrasting movements with different conversations and phrase. Music became more like a happy dance during this period. During the classical period tonality was brought to new heights. New complex harmonic textures were used that facilitated the use of new tones and chords within a key. Like in the Baroque era, the concerto and sonata were used as art forms. In the Classical period the symphony and string quartet were added as new acceptable art forms. Most of these forms included three or four contrasting movements that ended in a finale that brought closure to the work, ending in the chord of the key the work was written in. As new instruments were developed, new arrangements were written to incorporate these instruments in new music. New compositions only for wind instruments were written at this time, a phenomena almost unheard of in previous times. Towards the end of the classical period the focus of new composing centered on the Viennese classical school. Out of this new school of composing came such great composers as Franz Joseph Hayden and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. During this time opera lost a lot of its musical intensity and became a series of arias that showed off the singing talent of individual soloists, as opposed of that of the whole group. This tradition would later change with the advent of the Romantic period. The Romantic period started in Europe as a reaction to the jubilant happiness of the classical era. During the nineteenth century there was a lot of tension in Europe as the forces of Nationalism and Militarism gripped Europe. There had been changes in Europe since the advent of Classicism. There were many mighty revolutions like the one that started in France in 1789 and spread. These revolutions made for the age of liberalism vs. conservatism. These events put a new fire into the nineteenth century and made for a new age. One of the major musical forms of the romantic period was the Opera. German composers such as Wagner wrote great operas with a growing emphasis on fluid orchestral parts. New romantic operas were known to last over five hours with long, fluid and powerful lines. Many operas written by German composers and most of the operas written by Wagner instilled German pride and increased an ever growing feeling of nationalism and anti-Semitism. In France opera became more sentimental and simplistic. As in Germany the focus of the opera began to shift towards the choral and to the orchestra. Often the orchestras had large ensembles to show the grandeur of the age. Bizet and Faure were two of the more famous French opera composers. In Italy the operas that were written were more marcatto and joyful. Composers such as Rossini used much rhythmic energy, using various staccato phrases to achieve a more buoyant opera. Later towards the end of the nineteenth century the composer Verdi made more of an orchestral significance and wrote opera that was more fluid. During the nineteenth century the symphony form changed a lot, teeter-tottering between musical styles. Many people were thinking should music have a theme? This was debated throughout the century. As the century progressed, the symphony became the predominant form of musical expression. The beginning of the century started out with Tchaikovskys 1812 symphony. This great feat of romanticism by many is considered one of the centurys best works. Like many composers of that time, his fluid and romantic tones amazed listeners. Smetana in Mein Vaterland expressed the nationalism in Bohemia. He was one of the first great Czeck (Bohemian) composers. In Russia, Moldovski, Rimkey-Korsekov (Arabian Knights) and others made for a great resurgence of nationalistic pride in Mother Russia. .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 , .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .postImageUrl , .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 , .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:hover , .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:visited , .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:active { border:0!important; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:active , .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9 .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u59c9b216a9940a5bbecb1358fef8ade9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Art Appreciation Ch. 4.3Great composers like Paganini, Brahms, Schubert, Sibelius and Camille Saint-Saens wrote great virtuosi music unheard until that the time. Because of the expanding world of music, the rules changed and fragmentation started as new great music changed the globe. The idea that music was not just a song with themes, but more like a poem, was given by Gustav Mahler who wrote whole boisterous symphonies showing the greatness and brevity of the human soul, all with no rhyme or reason to it. Towards the end of the century composers such as Debussy used traditional forms plus the episodic use of changes in tempi and changes in thematic character. The beginning of this century was characterized by the amazing brilliance of Stravinski in the Firebird. in the Twentith century after World War I, a new feeling of loss of identity was felt. Older composers like Prokliev and Stravinsky showed great change, switching from a neo-classical style bringing chaos into their music after the war. Newer composers like the German Gustav Holst showed great chaos in their music by using strong, fragmented rhythms and dissident harmonies. Shostocovich brought the disunity of music to new heights, while commenting musically on his countrys political and economic situation during and after World War II. After the war, new ideas like minimalism lead by Glass and Reich and electronic music lead by Stockhausen, have pervaded into classical music, pushing the classical world to new boundaries. In conclusion, western classical music has evolved since its beginnings in the previous millennia. This music has changed from dainty harmonies to raucous twelve-tone melodies. The music of the Western world has been influenced by and has changed the world as we know it.

Jerusalem Essays - Neighbourhoods Of Jerusalem, Quarters

Jerusalem Jerusalem is located in the heart of Israel and is divided into three sections: the Old City, New City (West Jerusalem), and East Jerusalem. In the center is the Old City which is split up into four main sections: Muslim Quarter, Jewish Quarter, Christian Quarter, and the Armenian Quarter. Also, the Old City is the site of many religious and historical landmarks. Within Jewish Quarters, the main attraction is the Western (Wailing) Wall Wall"). It's dubbed the "Wailing Wall" because many Jews come to pray there, and their prayers sound like wailing. The Wall is the small remaining part of King Solomon's Temple. After the Jews were banished from Temple Mount, the Western Wall became the most sacred place of Judaism. There are two major sects of Jews in this part of the city. There is the Sephardic group, who come from Spain, Africa, and the Mediterranean, and there is the Ashkenazic group, who come from Northern Europe. Another section of the Old City is the Christian Quarter. The center of this part of the city is The Church of the Holy Sepulchre. It is believed that the Via Dolorosa, a street, was the site of the original Stations of the Cross. Furthermore, it is maintained that Jesus was originally buried at this site. The Church was rebuilt by Crusaders in 1099 CE, but it was originally built in the fourth century. The St. James Cathedral is the center of attention in the Armenian part. Many families who escaped the Armenian Holocaust in 1915 settled in the Old City. Many of the residents of this part of the Armenian Quarter practice the Greek Orthodox religion. The last section of the city is the Muslim Section. Atop the Temple Mount are the gold-domed Dome of the Rock (661 BCE) and the silver-domed al-Aqsa mosques. The Rock referred to in Dome of the Rock is Mt.Zion. This is where Abram went to sacrifice Isaac and Muhammed ascended to heaven.

Sarah Parker Remond, African American Abolitionist

Sarah Parker Remond, African American Abolitionist Known for: African American abolitionist, women’s rights advocate Dates: June 6, 1826 – December 13, 1894 About Sarah Parker Remond Sarah Parker Remond was born in 1826 in Salem, Massachusetts.   Her maternal grandfather, Cornelius Lenox, fought in the American Revolution. Sarah Remond’s mother, Nancy Lenox Remond, was a baker who married John Remond.   John was a Curaà §aon immigrant and hairdresser who became a citizen of the United States in 1811, and he became active in the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Society in the 1830s.   Nancy and John Remond had at least eight children. Family Activism Sarah Remond had six sisters. Her older brother, Charles Lenox Remond, became an antislavery lecturer, and influenced Nancy, Caroline and Sarah, among the sisters, to become active in anti-slavery work.   They belonged to the Salem Female Anti-Slavery Society, founded by black women including Sarah’s mother in 1832. The Society hosted prominent abolitionist speakers, including William Lloyd Garrison and Wendell Williams. The Remond children attended public schools in Salem, and experienced discrimination because of their color.   Sarah was refused admission to Salem’s high school. The family moved to Newport, Rhode Island, where the daughters attended a private school for African American children. In 1841, the family returned to Salem. Sarah’s much-older brother Charles attended the 1840 World Anti-Slavery Convention in London with others including William Lloyd Garrison, and was among the American delegates who sat in the gallery to protest the refusal of the convention to seat women delegates including Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton.   Charles lectured in England and Ireland, and in 1842, when Sarah was sixteen, she lectured with her brother in Groton, Massachusetts. Sarahs Activism When Sarah attended a performance of the opera Don Pasquale at the Howard Athenaeum in Boston in 1853 with some friends, they refused to leave a section reserved for whites only.   A policeman came to eject her, and she fell down some stairs.   She then sued in a civil suit, winning five hundred dollars and an end to segregated seating at the hall. Sarah Remond met Charlotte Forten in 1854 when Charlotte’s family sent her to Salem where the schools had become integrated. In 1856, Sarah was thirty, and was appointed an agent touring New York to lecture on behalf of the American Anti-Slavery Society with Charles Remond, Abby Kelley and her husband Stephen Foster, Wendell Phillips, Aaron Powell, and Susan B. Anthony. Living in England In 1859 she was in Liverpool, England, lecturing in Scotland, England and Ireland for two years.   Her lectures were quite popular. She included in her lectures references to the sexual oppression of women who were enslaved, and how such behavior was in the economic interest of the enslavers. She visited William and Ellen Craft while in London. When she tried to get a visa from the American legate to visit France, he claimed that under the Dred Scott decision, she was not a citizen and thus he could not grant her a visa. The next year, she enrolled in college in London, continuing her lectures during school holidays. She remained in England during the American Civil War, participating in efforts to persuade the British not to support the Confederacy.   Great Britain was officially neutral, but many feared that their connection to the cotton trade would mean they’d support the Confederate insurrection. She supported the blockade that the United States put up to prevent goods reaching or leaving the rebelling states. She became active in the Ladies’ London Emancipation Society. At the end of the war, she raised funds in Great Britain to support the Freedman’s Aid Association in the United States. As the Civil War was ending, Great Britain faced a rebellion in Jamaica, and Remond wrote in opposition to British harsh measures to end the rebellion, and accused the British of acting like the United States. Return to the United States Remond returned to the United States, where she joined with the American Equal Rights Association to work for equal suffrage for women and African Americans. Europe and Her Later Life She returned to England in 1867, and from there traveled to Switzerland and then moved to Florence, Italy.   Not much is known of her life in Italy.   She married in 1877; her husband was Lorenzo Pintor, an Italian man, but the marriage apparently did not last long. She may have studied medicine. Frederick Douglass refers to a visit with the Remonds, probably including Sarah and two of her sisters, Caroline and Maritche, who also moved to Italy in 1885.   She died in Rome in 1894 and was buried there in the Protestant cemetery.

Boiler Room Directed by Ben Younger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Boiler Room Directed by Ben Younger - Essay Example Upon entering JT Marlin’s offices that served as the short time brokerage firm in the New York’s outskirts, Seth meets cameo performances from Jay (Specogna 85). This performance gives him the resolution to pursue money with more vigor. His driving forces include the fractured relationship he had with his father and the love interests he began showing on Abbie. These two factors give him more motivation. His initial excellence further gives him the courage to sell and pursue the high commission. However, a few contacts in his business dealings start questioning the legitimacy of many firms. His latest stand only highlights strained association with his father. It also highlights the deterioration of morality in society (Specogna 85). Issues of morality are evident in the movie when Seth, who is a morally upright student, not only drops out of college but also disagrees with his harsh father. It is unfortunate that his father, who was a federal judge, considers him illeg itimate instead of supporting him through his college education. Ben Younger portrays the father as morally lacking. When Seth gets a stockbroker’s job, he puts in a lot of determination and hard work in his endeavors to be successful. However, things assume a worse turn when Seth discovers that the job he was doing failed to serve its purpose (Specogna 48). The director of this movie portrays Seth as a college student with high aspirations even after dropping from Queens College. He decides to operate a casino from his rented apartment as a source of revenue. However, this casino fails to meet Seth’s father’s expectations. As an obedient son, Seth considers either an approval or disapproval of his stern and adjudicating father very important. As a way of obeying the wishes of his father, Seth drops his casino business and decides to pursue a career in stock brokerage. He learns this idea from J.T Martin. Although he joined as a junior associate, he soon learned the idea of doing sales over the phone craft. His hard work and resilience nature soon earn him a senior broker’s position upon obtaining Series 7 license. He exudes success in his sales career and even registers for training that makes his earnings increase upon completion. However, he later learns that J.T Marlin’s earnings are excessively higher when compared with the average. This makes him develop suspicions for the business practices conducted by J.T Marlin. At this point, Seth realized that his entry into this sales profession was only to please his father. The reality was that he was in a wrong profession and was disappointed. This illustrates the immorality of choices. Parents who force their children into professions that they do not like are only acting immoral (Specogna 89). Legal and ethical conflicts of the movie Many opportunists in the society today would seek to take advantage of other persons especially the weak. The Boiler room movie illustrates thi s situation of the society through its several scenarios. The morality and ethical concepts within society are neglected in the movie in pursuit of status and profits. Seth Davis draws attention from the boiler room. Although he runs a successful gambling operation in his apartment, ethical issues of the business are highlighted as evident in the tender ages of clients. Besides, his father, who is a federal judge, feels embarrassed by his son’s choice of career.  Ã‚  

With specific reference to post-1990s developments, critically Essay - 2

With specific reference to post-1990s developments, critically evaluate the scope of the doctrine of humanitarian intervention under Article 2 of the United Nations Chapter - Essay Example In addition, this paper analyses the structural reform proposals of the UN Charter and the challenges it is currently facing. The various current matters of Security Council reform financing and proposals of the UN Charter are also discussed (Latif 2000, p.25). The United Nations Charter was born forty four years ago and it was as a result of the sufferings caused by the Second World War. The main purpose of the above mentioned Charter was to secure the upcoming generation from the impacts of the war. Moreover, the United Nations Charter aimed at correcting the League of the Nations’ weaknesses. The leadership of the United Charter rests on the highest authorities. Nevertheless, the challenges as a result of the Cold War barred the UN Charter from carrying out its main goals of the maintance of peace and security. The cold war was accompanied by a hostile environment and the UN could not perform its key role to implement the provisions made in the Charter, which were related to international security and peace. Despite the hostile environment presented by the Cold war, the United Nations pursued its Charter purposes in various fields such as in the improvement of social standards for individuals, decolonization and in the protection of human rights ((Mendlovitz & Weston 1995, p.13). Moreover, there were some adjustments that were made to the UN Charter and this enabled it to cope with various threats imposed to the international security and peace. The establishment of the UN Charter led to various dramatic changes in the world structure of peace and security. The above organizations came up with various ways of solving the challenges they came across. For instance, in order to eliminate the powers used by high authorities during the Cold War, the UN Charter established various peacemaking (Mingst & Karens 1995, p.29) and it took the role of the Security Council in maintaining international peace and

Finance Industry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Finance Industry - Essay Example At present, debt factoring and debt subordination are the preferred means for companies to finance their needs for additional working capital. The financial flexibility provided by these two alternatives does not require the company management to relinquish any portion of their control or equity. They simply come with costs that then form part of the company's financing-related expenses. Many companies have huge accounts receivables in their balance sheets, relative to their other asset items. These accounts receivables can be of much better use to the company if they can be converted to cash sooner than their dates of collectability. Their conversion to cash through debt factoring should enable the company to do more business transactions and to produce higher income figures. (ABFA, 2009) Debt factoring is a three-party transaction that is consummated when a factor buys a company's accounts receivables, generally without recourse. Hence, the factor shoulders any losses resulting from the debtors' inability to pay. These debtors, by virtue of the factoring transaction, will be liable to pay the factor - not the original company creditor - the amounts due from them. (Brigham & Houston, 1998, p. 691) The factor does all three things: ensure the collection of the company's receivables, shoulder the losses resulting from bad debts and provide financing for the company through the purchase of its receivables. (Brealey, Myers & Marcus, 1995,p. 506) Meanwhile, debt subordination involves giving a specific creditor the last ranking in terms of claims on the debtor company's assets and income. Thus, subordinated debenture bonds - or uncollateralized debts - are issues that entitle owners to payments that are secured by what is left of the company after its secured debts, debenture bonds and other general liabilities have been settled. (Fabozzi, 2000, p. 86) Both debt factoring and debt subordination are available to companies with good credit records. Both can be handy tools for raising money to beef up the company's working capital, to take advantage of opportunities that require cash, to fund the company's acquisition of new plant equipments, to finance an expansion phase or to accomplish similar ventures. The Costs of Debt Factoring and Debt Subordination Factoring, then, helps to improve a company's cash flow. It also significantly reduces the expenses a company ordinarily incurs in doing preliminary credit investigation on each customer applying for a credit line and in ensuring the actual collection of their accounts receivable. In return for these benefits, debt factoring as an alternative comes with two costs that would have to be paid by the company: the interest and the fees. The interests charged amount to 1.50 to 3.00 percent over the prevailing base rate. Then fees in the scale of 0.75 to 2.50 percent of turnover are as well collected. (The UK Insolvency Helpline, 2009) Issuing subordinated debts, meanwhile, entail paying the service fees of investment companies and rating agencies and the interest rates attached to the debt instruments which may range from 10.00 to 15.00 percent. Related expenses are further incurred in the presentation, road-show and similar marketing activities that are all orchestrated to sell the company's subordinated debt instruments. Preparation

The Evolution Of Dance In Theater Theatre Essay

The Evolution Of Dance In Theater Theatre Essay Dance is defined as the art of movement. It can be used to express feelings, to exercise, to perform, and some can even interact and have nonverbal conversation though the art of dance. Dance is usually performed through the rhythm and beat of music, but it doesnt necessarily have to involve music. Sports even sometimes incorporate a certain dance, or type of dance. For example, a martial arts kata is simply a series of movements put together to be performed with the grace and strength of a dance. Dance is also used in sports such as synchronized swimming, ice skating, and gymnastics. There are many types of dance, ballet, tap, jazz, hip-hop, modern, and contemporary just to name a few. Most people cant go through the day without seeing a type of dance performed in some way. Whether its seeing kids dance at a prom, a person walking down the street moving to the beat of their iPod, or simply turning on the television, its something thats in our everyday lives. But have you ever wondered where it all started, or how it became what it is today? Angel 2 It was believed that dancing was a ritual in early ancient civilizations; priests would dance to the rhythm of harps and pipes to tell stories to the ancient gods, people also danced at funerals to express their sorrow. Around this same time period ballet was beginning to evolve in France. As it continued to spread through Italy, England, and Russia, it became a concert dance, which is often, even today, seen in movies and events all over the world. Dancing has continued to blossom into what it is today, and the best way to show how it has become what it is today, is though film. One of the first movies that involved sing and dance was the 1952 film, Singing in the Rain, starring Gene Kelly, Donald OConnor and Debbie Reynolds. This movie was more of a Broadway musical, but it is one of the first movies that involved dance at all. The most famous part of this movie is when the main character, Don Lockwood (Gene Kelly), dances through the streets with an umbrella as he twirls and sings the title song. He then grabs onto a pole and swings around it continuing to sing. During the filming of this scene he had a 103 degree fever, but thanks to the help of the camera crew, this scene only had to be shot one time. After the production of this movie, dancing became the new craze. Dances such as, the Bop, the Stroll and the Swing became popular. Also when the song Willy and The Hand Jive was released, it stayed at the top of the charts for 16 weeks. Poodle skirts and pony-tails were the style, and Do Wop music was what everyone wanted to hear. Angel 3 The 60s rolled around quickly and with a new decade, came new traditions. A brand new dance became the new trend. In 1960 Chubby Checker released his song entitled The Twist. The Twist was the first Rock Roll dance in which partners didnt have to touch each other. The Twist was once said to be like, putting out a cigarette with both feet and drying off your bottom with a towel to the beat of the music. It was performed with the feel shoulder width apart, standing straight up, with the arms fully extended and slightly bent at the elbows. Then the next move was simply to twist the body back and forth. Other popular dances during this time period were the Mashed Potato, the Monkey, and the Madison. The Baby Boomers definitely played a role in all the dance explosion of the 60s. Throughout the end of this decade many of these dances were seen in movie productions and on Broadway. Next we enter the retro years of the 70s, KC and the Sunshine Band topped the charts, and Disco was the new craze. Everyone was aware that sooner or later the sex appeal of disco would make its way to the film industry. There isnt a movie that shows this better than Saturday Night Fever starring, John Travolta and Karen Lynn Gorney. Saturday Night Fever became an instant box office hit with the famous dance by John Travolta to the Bee Gees smash hit Stayin Alive. Disco was one of the fast dances of the decade, with 110-140 bmp (beats per minute). It wasnt long before everyone wanted to become a part of the raging disco scene, eventually Angel 4 groups such as Kiss, and The Rolling Stones, and people like Cher and Rod Stewart were all in on the fun. As the years passed Broadway musicals became popular for a short period of time. After the great success of Hair in 1970, movies continued to make it from Broadway to the big screen. Grease, All That Jazz, and Dreamgirls, just to name a few. Toward the end of the 70s came the first big Broadway film to hit the box office. Grease hit the cinemas in 1978 and it soon became a dance sensation. The dances from this film are often recreated in dance classes, at recitals, shows and other events; some of these dances are even trademarked. This movie was not only a musical it was also very popular for its energetic cast and its feel good love story. One of the most famous dance moves from this movie was The Hand Jive. Since then there have been many different variations of how it is done. Grease is one musical that has been said to never get old with the catchy songs and the disco and jive moves of John Travolta. Grease produced one of the best selling soundtracks in the world. Also, once Grease went to Broadway, it was one of the longest running musicals of all time, until Cats overtook it just recently. The next movie of the 70s that shows a definite change in the music and dance of the decade was All That Jazz in 1979. This film starring Roy Scheider and Jessica Lange is based on the aspects of a dancer, a choreographer, and a directors life and career. It was inspired by the Angel 5 directors effort to edit a film, while also staging a 1975 musical Chicago. This film closed out the 1970s with a bang. It was awarded many honors, and four Oscars. Also, in 2001, the United States deemed the film culturally significant and it is now preserved in the National Film Registry. So to wrap up the 70s the Twist, the Bump, the Jitterbug, the Hustle and the Swing were all very popular dances, but through these years nothing compared to the Americans love for the Disco. It was the last immensely popular move driven by the baby boomers generation, but soon enough came the 80s and with a new decade came new traditions, fashions, and of course a brand new dance. The 80s was definitely one of the best decades for new dance moves, and movies that portrayed this. From the musicals like Fame and Footloose, to the break dancing skills showed in the film Breakin, a rewind of 70s disco in Saturday Night Fever, the mambo and freestyle dance of Dirty Dancing, to the unusual dance moves of the extremely popular Michael Jackson. The 80s was another step to make dancing what it is today. These 10 years were some of the best in dance history. One of the first 1980s dance movies to earn a spot in the all-time movies hall of fame is Fame (1980), starring Eddie Barth, Irene Cara and Laura Dean. Fame mainly took part at a Performing Arts Academy, with many great performances. Fame is considered a musical with a large amount of singing and dancing. It was awarded 3 honors, 2 Oscars, as well as 16 other Angel 6 nominations. It wasnt a huge hit, but it still remembered by some and it showed how the sing and dance of this time period was done. 1983s Flashdance was a major pop culture influence, with a style of its own. This film is the story of a Pittsburgh woman (Jennifer Beals) that juggles two jobs, one as a welder, and the other as an exotic dancer. Of course, during this time exotic dancing wasnt twirling on a pole and taking off clothes, it was much different. She longs to make a career of her dancing and apply to a ballet school, but doesnt have to confidence in her skills to apply. Flashdance had a worldwide box-office gross of 100 million, won 10 honors, one Oscar, and was nominated for 13 other nominations. This was a very stylish movie that entertained millions with the 80s pop music and new dance moves. Flashdance popularized the dance of the 80s with many new hit songs and dances. The next movie that shows an evolution in the dance moves of the 80s is actually a sequel to the 1977 movie Saturday Night Fever. Stayin Alive was a 1983 movie starring John Travolta, Cynthia Rhodes, and Finola Hughes. This film begins five years later with the main character, Tony Manero, dancing on the weekend nights at a disco club to run from his problems. Eventually he decides to leave his life as a dance instructor and club waiter to pursue a career on Broadway. He ends up getting the lead role in a Broadway show called Satans Alley. This film brought in 65 million, it was a lot less than its predecessor in 1977, but it managed to be one of the top 10 successful movies of the 80s. Angel 7 In 1984 Kevin Bacons moves and energy made one of the best high budget dance movies of the 80s. Footloose combines great dance music with dancers and a story of a guy that came from a big city, to a small town where dance is banned. Jazz, Hip-hop and freestyle were the main dances of choice throughout this film. Around this time in the 80s Footloose was a rival to Flashdance, but it was said many times that Footloose was definitely the favorite for most people. This film starring not only Kevin Bacon, but Lori Singer and John Lithgow as well, brought in 80 million, it was nominated for 2 Oscars and 4 other nominations. The next 1984 movie was one of the lower budget movies, and according to some, it put some of the higher budget movies to shame. Breakin was one of those movies that were very different than what most people were used to. Unlike most movies, it used talented dancers, rather than talented actors to dance. The difference with this movie rather than most during the 80s was that its a celebration of dance; it doesnt really have any particular style it was more of a freestyle dance movie. This movie was about a jazz dancer named Kelly (Lucinda Dickey) that meets two break dancers who combine their dance styles. Although the acting wasnt great, the dancing definitely made up for it. The sequel was released a year later, but it wasnt near the hit as this one. Because this movie wasnt like the traditional movies of the 80s it was only nominated for one award and it only brought in 38 million, however this movie was also very different than the rest during this time period that was a major fa ctor in the downfall. Angel 8 In the film industry of the 80s one of the biggest successes was Dirty Dancing. This is a 1987 film starring Patrick Swayze, Jennifer Grey and Cynthia Rhodes. Personally this is my absolute favorite movie of all time. Something that most people dont know was that Dirty Dancing was a true story based on the screenwriter, Eleanor Bergsteins own childhood. This movie was the story of a 17 year old girl and her family who goes on vacation at a resort, eventually Baby Housman (Jennifer Gray) falls in love with the resorts dance instructor (Patrick Swayze), while her family strongly disapproves. She spends her entire summer with him as he teaches her to dance. When this film was finished and about to be put in theatres the directors and cast were informed that this film would be a huge flop and possibly one of the worst films made during this time period. Little did they know that Dirty Dancing is considered today, the best dance movie ever made and it would still be the favorite of many people today. As of 2007 this film earned $213.9 million worldwide, and it was the first home video to sell more than a million copies. The Dirty Dancing soundtrack also produced two multi-platinum albums and multiple singles. This film went on to win an Oscar, as well as 9 other awards, and 5 nominations. Although there wasnt a movie about the dance styles of Michael Jackson, I believe that he played a major part in the shift of styles in the 80s. Michael Jacksons career was booming with new dances, songs and styles during this time. In 1982 his album Thriller still remains Angel 9 today, the bestselling album of all time, and remained on the Billboard 200 peak position for 37 weeks straight. It contained 7 top ten hits, and it was only a 9 track album. We Are the World and Bad were also big hits during this time period, making music and dance even more popular. As the 80s continued Michael Jackson was said to be one of the biggest stars of the world. He popularized dances such as the Moonwalk, the Kick, the Soulful Robot and the Never-Ending Spin. The 80s has been said to be the decade of dance, there was break dancing, the Worm, the Moonwalk and more. During the 80s the dancing definitely took a step up to what it is for most people today. Also, many movies through these 10 years showed a change in the dance styles. The beginning of the 90s dance styles was very similar to the 80s. Michael Jackson was still popular; the same dance movies were being watched over and over; and most people were still stuck in their 80s ways of life. As the 1990s continued dance moves such as the Macarena, the Cha Cha Slide, the Running Man, and the Electric Slide. One of the first dance movies in a long time came out in the year 2000, Center Stage, starring Amanda Schull, Zoe Saldana and Peter Gallagher was one of those dance movies with a plot that wasnt so good, but the dancing was excellent. This film revisits styles of ballet, Broadway dancing, and disco, and blends together styles of its own. It also shows the difficulty Angel 10 and common issues of professional dancing and how some people cope with the stress without computer special effects. The next movie isnt exactly a dance movie, but it shows how dancing has recently been incorporated into other activities, such as cheerleading. Bring it On was the 2000; film starring Kirsten Dunst, Eliza Dushku and Gabrielle Union. Bring it On shows how cheerleading involves dance as well, and how had dance has spread to other activities. Not only does cheerleading involve dancing, but many other sports too, such as synchronized swimming its nothing more than a dance in water, or figure skating. Even professional football players are sent to ballet classes to obtain balance and poise. This is an excellent film that shows the importance of dancing in sports such as cheerleading. The year 2004 takes us to a memorable movie where the style changes to ballroom dance. Shall We Dance shows many types of ballroom dance, like the Waltz, Quickstep and Tango. This film was first a Japanese film, but this version starring Jennifer Lopez, Richard Gere, and Susan Sarandon, is the story of a workaholic lawyer who is getting bored with his daily routine, and he decides to take ballroom dance classes to make his life a little more interesting. As the time he dances continues he finds joy in it more and more. This film brought in 57.8 million dollars and was nominated for 4 awards. Angel 11 The next film takes us back to the musicals of the 70s and 80s, Hairspray, starring Zac Efron, John Travolta, Amanda Bynes, Queen Latifah and Michelle Pfeiffer was the fourth highest grossing musical film in US cinema history, behind Grease, Chicago and Momma Mia! This film is set in Baltimore in 1963; the story is about a plump teenager Tracy Turnblad (Nikki Blonsky) who seeks stardom as a dancer on a local television show. The 1988 original version of Hairspray earned 6.6 million and was nominated for 4 awards, while the 2007 version earned 188.8 million in the box office, was nominated for 3 Golden Globes, won 12 other awards, and had 18 other nominations. This was an energetic dance movie, much like Grease, with plenty of heart, it was said to make people want to get up and sing and dance. The final and most recent successful 2006 dance movie is very similar to Dirty Dancing. Step Up, starring Channing Tatum and Jenna Dewan, is a perfect example of what dance has become today. Step Up is the story of a privileged ballet dancer who meets a free style dance rebel with a dream of making it in the real world of dance. In this film there was a mix of hip-hop, ballet, modern and break dancing to make this film perfect for this list of movies that helped our styled evolve today. This movie earned 65.3 million in the box office, and won one award and was nominated for 3 other awards. Things have definitely changed from the 1950s until today, but one thing in common with all of these movies is the real message; follow your dreams, and never give up on the things that you want. Another thing that all these movies have in common, it that it gives most people the urge to get up and dance.

Karl Marx and His View on Religion Essay -- Marx Religion Religious Es

Karl Marx and His View on Religion Karl Marx, the founder and main advocator of his Marxist philosophy, wrote the Communist Manifesto in 1848. This document was the basis for all of his thoughts and ideas of the world at the time being. One of the major topics that he spoken on was how religion affected the society and how it was an institution that was not actually necessary to exist. Marxist VS Religion Marx saw religion as an evil that existed in society and that it brought down all the people that believed in that religion. Marx said that, ?It [religion] is the opium of the people,?[1] and in saying this, Marx meant that religion was contagious on society. Once the society had a taste for the religion, they became totally engulfed it in, and then they do not want to get out of that way of live because they see it as a good way to live. Then even if people wanted to get out of the religion it was hard to get out because the whole society had already been infected by the ?opium.? With the idea of equality of all people no matter what race or previous financial situation, the concept of a god was in complete opposition of the Marxist philosophy. ?Marx?s idea of God as a projection of alienated human beings whereby God becomes in rich proportion as humanity becomes poor.?[2] Marx is criticizing society and their overall views of how religion should be treated. The society is letting God become the main focus of their lives, and since they are giving almost all their attention to God, they are becoming oblivious of the other members of the society and the relationships between each other. As society was becoming distracted by ... ...what they have in the natural life on earth. With everyone living under the regulations of Marx?s ?religion? no one would have to have another structure of life. Works Cited: 1. David McLellan, Marxism and Religion: a description and assessment of the Marxist critique of Christianity (New York: Harper & Row, 1987), 13. 2. McLellan, 5. 3. McLellan, 167. 4. Rev. John J. Ming, S.J., The Characteristics and the Religion of Modern Socialism, 2nd ed. (New York: Benziger Brothers, 1908), 202. 5. Ming, 9 6. Bohdan R. Bociurkiw and John W. Strong, Religion and Atheism in the U.S.S.R. and Eastern Europe (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1975), 13. 7. Ming, 224. 8. Bociurkiw and Strong, 10. 9. ?Marxism,? 2000, (28 October 2001), 1. 10. McLellan, 159.

Constitutional Amendments

The Eighteenth Amendment prohibited liquor with the exception of the use of liquor for religious purposes. As a result, it became difficult to consume let alone obtain alcohol at the time. Organized crime in the country became prevalent as people began to obtain alcohol illegally and as people began to organize themselves for alcohol trade and sales despite the increasing pressure brought forth by the government. Corruption in several government agencies became prevalent as people were tempted to bribe government officials in order to obtain alcohol with their approval.The Amendment’s impact on contemporary society is that it gave the government a learning lesson with regard to unpopular legislations in the face of the demands of the public. Today, the effects of the Eighteenth Amendment can no longer be observed as the American public is now allowed to purchase and consume liquor and other alcoholic drinks. Nevertheless, there are existing government restrictions on the legal age of obtaining and consuming alcohol. There are also current restrictions on drinking when together with other activities such as driving.Less than two decades after the ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment, the Twenty-first Amendment was ratified. The latter Amendment repealed the provisions of the Eighteenth Amendment concerning the nationwide prohibition on the use of liquor. However, the second section of the Twenty-first Amendment prohibits the importation or transport of alcoholic beverages to States where doing so would violate the laws thereof. One of the effects of the ratification of the Twenty-first Amendment is that numerous states retained their laws prohibiting alcohol consumption long after the Amendment was enforced.Countless public bars remained under State prohibition from selling intoxicating liquor to the public which effectively gave States control over liquor. Today, numerous States have passed the authority to control public alcohol distribution or sale s to their different counties and municipalities. In any case, the industry of alcoholic beverages in the United States is now thriving to the point that the manufacturers of these beverages continue to export their products abroad on a regular basis.While some of the prohibition on local bars on a municipal or county-level led to lawsuits citing First Amendment rights, alcoholic beverages continue to be distributed, sold and consumed for the most part of the country although their distribution, selling and consumption are required to be within the legal limits. The Nineteenth Amendment to the Constitution proscribes both the federal government and the different states from denying Americans from their right to vote on the basis of a person’s sex.The apparent result of the ratification of the amendment is that women became part of the population eligible to vote for candidates running for government positions. The amendment effectively abolished the limitation of the right to suffrage which was previously accorder only to men. Women became entitled with the right to vote without having to worry about legal restrictions imposed by the government and opposition from other individuals. The effect of the Amendment continues to this day as women continue to partake in the American electoral process.In essence, the consequences of the Amendment are very visible in public especially during elections. The Twentieth Amendment puts in detail the start and end of the terms of elected federal government officials such as the President and the Vice-President. The Amendment further specifies the role of Congress in appointing a President when the Presidency is vacant. It specifies the order of succession to the Presidency in times when President dies. It also specifies the day in which Congress shall convene unless otherwise legally appointed on a different day.The effect of the Amendment after ratification is that it gave elected federal government officials the urg ency of time to immediately occupy their positions in order to deal with important matters the soonest time possible. It also prevented Congress from convening for a futile session right after the elections as the start of the Congressional session was moved to every third day of January, less than two weeks before the start of the term of the newly elected President and Vice-President. The case of President Barack Obama serves as a contemporary example.His case illustrates the urgency for the President to start working the soonest time possible in order to address important national concerns, one of which is the current economic crisis that has hit the country and other parts of the world. Finally, the Twenty-second Amendment to the U. S. Constitution sets the limit for the Presidential term. Specifically, the elected President is given up to two four-year terms in office. However, an acting President who has served the remaining two years of office is also entitled to a full two f our-year terms in office—the maximum term that a person can hold the position of President is ten years.As for acting Presidents who have held the position for more than two years, they can only hold office for no more than one term after completing their term as acting President. At the time after the ratification of the Amendment, Dwight Eisenhower was the President. He argued that a second-term President would simply be reduced to a â€Å"lame duck† because his political influence and vested powers would be diminished considering that such a President faces an apparent and irreversible deadline on his term.The President who is about to leave office becomes ineffective to a certain degree because politicians in the government will become more interested in the search for and support of their presidential candidates than in the affairs of the executive branch. These things have been one of the main concerns of the incumbent president—Dwight Eisenhower—at the time of the ratification of the amendment. In more recent times, Americans who oppose the Bush policies on war saw the two-term limit as their saving grace. After the inauguration of George W.Bush for his second term in office, he was quick to issue several foreign and local policies because he understood that he faces the risk of being a â€Å"lame duck† president by the time his second term in office is about to expire. As for current U. S. President Barack Obama, he is entitled to the same two four-year terms that former president George W. Bush had since the time of Eisenhower. Reference Constitution of the United States: Amendments 11-27. Retrieved March 1, 2009, from http://www. archives. gov/exhibits/charters/constitution_amendments_11-27. html

Aldi Supermarket chain

Aldi Supermarket chain Introduction Overview Aldi is a global supermarket chain based in Germany (Aldi, 2013). Aldi was founded by Karl and Theo albretch brothers in 1946. The two had inherited a convenient store from their mother and created a chain of discount food shops Aldi first went global by opening a branch in Birmingham, United Kingdom. Currently, the supermarket chain owns more than 400 stores in the UK alone.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Aldi Supermarket chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Aldi mainly deals in food and drinks, but also sells a range of health and cosmetic products and other low-cost domestic goods. The majority of the products sold by this supermarket chain are own-branded labelled plus a few non-branded products. This system enables Aldi to stock a variety of products similar to other general supermarkets but on a limited space (Aldi Group History, 2010; Fallon, 1987, p. 33; Mitchell, 1991, p. 5). Report Purpose The aim of this report is to carry out an in-depth analysis of Aldi supermarket chain using PESTEL framework and to explore the potential impact of each factor on Aldi, its policies and competitiveness in the UK market. Aldi’s Industrial Analysis: PESTEL framework Political Factors Aldi is a multinational corporation and therefore is greatly affected by the political and legal conditions of individual countries where it operates. The political state of affairs in the UK can be described as steady. The main focus of the current government is recovery from the global financial crisis (Hamilton Ryan, 2012). According to the UK legislation on employment, retail stores are encouraged to provide a wide range of employment opportunities (Balchin, 1994, p. 44). Aldi supermarket chain recognizes the impact of retail chains on social welfare. The company has employed a large number of people without discrimination. Its workforce encompasses people of all walks of life (Mitche ll, 1991, p. 5). Economic factors The economy of the UK is at the moment steady. However, the country has been grappling with relatively high unemployment and uncertainties in the economy. The economy grew by 0.23 % in 2012 and is expected to grow by 1 % this year (2013) (Hamilton Ryan, 2012; BCC, 2012, P. 10). The economic conditions in the UK are a major cause of concern for the retail chain. One of the major causes of concern is the anticipated increase in the unemployment rate. This will result in a decline in the effective demand for numerous products and therefore will affect the general demand of goods in the country (Elearn Training Co 2005). Since the economic factors are way beyond the company’s control, Aldi has started re-organizing its marketing mix with regard to future changes in the economy.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Socio-cultural fa ctors According to the recent census conducted in the UK, the population of the youth is shrinking while that of the elderly is growing. This will negatively affect the labour market, market demand, and increase in government expenditure services. Ultimately, the UK government will have to cut-down its budget and increase tax to provide these services. Increased expenses due to rising taxes have impelled UK consumers to change their consumption behaviour (Graiser Scott, p. 10). These changes have resulted into more focus on value addition (Graiser Scott, p. 10; Clarke, Bennison Pal, 1997, p. 60). Since consumers are a function of social habit and beliefs, UK consumers have become more enlightened on health matters and their mind-set towards foodstuff. Aldi is currently adjusting its products to take care of the rising demand for organic and healthy foodstuff (Graiser Scott, p. 13). Technological factors Consumers require more expedient technologies while buying goods. Technology plays a major role in improving consumer experience (Faucheux Nicolaà ¯, 1998, p. 243). The most recent technological innovations for retail stores include electronic advertising and electronic shelf labelling. Online marketing has also become more popular. For that reason, businesses have resorted to the use of online channels to attract customers (Faucheux Nicolaà ¯, 1998, p. 244). The developments of many Aldi goods have been influenced by technology. The current technology has benefited both the retail chain and the consumers at large. Aldi has enhanced consumer satisfaction through technology. The use of technology has enabled the supermarket chain to enhance accessibility of goods and services and personalization of shopping. Technology has also helped to improve efficiency of supply and stock operations (Aldi, 2013). Environmental factors Corporate social responsibility significantly contributes in building consumer trust and loyalty. Therefore, many companies have been experiencing a lot of pressure to recognize their obligation to the general public (Schwartz Carroll, 2003, p. 504; Worthington Brotton, 2009). One of the societal matter threatening retail chains dealing in foodstuff is environmental concerns which requires them to act in an environmentally friendly manner. Understanding these issues broadens moral stance. Aldi’s CSR is concerned with the manner through which the organization meets its responsibility to the shareholders via regulations and governance (Faucheux Nicolaà ¯, 1998, p. 246). Aldi has adapted its products with the current policies and regulations related to environmental sustainability (Aldi Group History, 2010). Legislative factors The British market is extremely regulated (Mintel Report, 2011, P. 2). In addition, the EU commission has set up mandatory nutritional regulations for the retail sector. These regulations help ensure that consumers access healthy foodstuff and more balanced diet. These policies and regulations have had a significant effect on Aldi’s performance. Its product meets both local and global standards (Mintel Report, 2011, P. 4).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Aldi Supermarket chain specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Aldi is a global company but strongly depends on the UK market. Though the UK is economically stable, it is faced with various uncertainties. Aldi understands its role in the society and has been striving to meet the demand of both the consumer and the government. Aldi has been able to keep a good rapport with the UK government by implementing politically correct policies. The company has been keeping tab with current socioeconomic changes by adjusting its products and services in accordance with the prevailing trends. In addition, Aldi’s products are environmentally friendly and meet the established standards. References Aldi 2013, Welcome to Aldi. Web. Aldi Gro up History 2010, Company History. Web. Balchin, A 1994, ‘Part-time workers in the multiple retail sector: small change from employment protection legislation’, Employee Relations, vol. 16, no. 15, pp. 43-57. BCC 2012, Policy Marker: Quarterly Economic Survey Q1 2012, British Chamber of Commerce, London. Clarke, I, Bennison, D, Pal, J 1997, ‘Towards a contemporary perspective of retail location’, International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, vol. 25, no. 2, pp.59-69.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Elearn Training Co 2005, The Business Environment, Elsevier, London. Worthington, A, Brotton, C 2009, The Business Environment, FT/Prentice Hall, London. Fallon, J 1987, ‘Aldis European Stores Offer Price’. Supermarket News, 31 August, p. 33. Faucheux S, Nicolaà ¯ I 1998, Environmental technological change and governance in sustainable development policy, Ecological Economics, vol. 27, pp. 243-256. Graiser, A, Scott, T 2004, ‘Understanding the dynamics of the supermarket sector’, The Secured Lender, vol. 60, no. 6, pp.10-14. Hamilton, S, Ryan, J 2012, U.K. Economy Surges 1% as Britain Exits Recession. Web. Mintel Report 2011, UK Food Retailing. Web. Mitchell, A 1991, ‘Aldi and Gateway Seal Site Deal in Move that Puzzles Supermarkets’. Marketing, 12 December, p. 5. Schwartz, M S, Carroll, AB 2003, ‘Corporate Social Responsibility: A Three-Domain Approach’, Business Ethics Quarterly, vol. 13, no. 4, pp.503–530.